Seminar 3 Blood glucose

Question 1

What is normal fasting blood glucose levels

Answer 1

less than or equal to 6 mmol/L

Question 2

what are prediabetic levels for a fasting blood glucose test

Answer 2

6.1-6.9 mmol/L

Question 3

What are diabetic levels for a fasting blood glucose test

Answer 3

greater than or equal to 7 mmol/L

Question 4

What is considered normal for an A1C test

Answer 4

less than 6% is considered normal

Question 5

what is considered prediabetic for an A1C test

Answer 5

6%-6.4%

Question 6

what is considered diabetic for an A1C test

Answer 6

6.5% or greater

Question 7

what is a normal reading for a random blood glucose test

Answer 7

less than 11.1 mmol/L

Question 8

what are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia

Answer 8

cold and clammy need some candy
-and sympathetic signs since when blood sugar is low SNS is activated

Question 9

what are signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia

Answer 9

Think the three P’s
-Polyuria
-polydipsia (increased thirst)
-polyphagia
-N/V

Question 10

when should blood glucose readings be taken*

Answer 10

should be done 30 min before a meal or 2 hours after a meal

Question 11

what is the abbreviation for before a meal

Answer 11

AC

Question 12

what is the abbreviation for after a meal

Answer 12

PC

Question 13

how do you store BGM test strips

Answer 13

strips deteriorate when exposed to heat light or moisture so make sure to keep in container with the cap closed

Question 14

if you do not get enough blood on the first test are you allowed to reuse the same strip

Answer 14

NO get a new strip and repeat the test

Question 15

when do QC solutions expire if they are unopened**

Answer 15

they expire 24 months from the date of manufacturing

Question 16

how long do QC solutions last after they are opened**

Answer 16

they are good for 90 days once they are opened

Question 16

what is the normal range for BG result on a NOVA*

Answer 16

3.3-7 mmol/l

Question 17

what is a critically low BG result on a NOVA *

Answer 17

anything below 2.6 mmol/L

Question 18

what is a critically high BG result on a NOVA *

Answer 18

greater than 25 mmol/L

Question 19

do you take the first drop of blood for the BG reading

Answer 19

no wipe away the first drop and take the second

Question 19

what is the first thing you should do if you get an unexpected BG reading from a patient and they are asymptomatic

Answer 19

repeat the test before doing anything to confirm the result

Question 20

what would you do if a PT has a blood glucose of less than 4 mmol/L and can swallow

Answer 20

administer 20 g of fast acting carbohydrates

Question 21

what would you do if a PT has a blood glucose of less than 4 mmol/L and can not swallow

Answer 21

administer glucagon 1 mg IM/SQ

Question 22

what would you do if a PT has a blood glucose of less than 4 mmol/L has a patent IV

Answer 22

-administer 10 g (20 mL) of dextrose 50% injectable over 2-3 minutes
-if no immediate response administer 15 g (30 mL) of dextrose 50% over 2-3 minutes

Question 23

what type of insulin is Lispro

Answer 23

short acting (given at mealtimes)

Question 24

is glargine clear or cloudy insulin

Answer 24

usually long acting insulins are cloudy but glargine is an exception and is clear

Question 25

how much will blood glucose decrease with 1 unit of insulin in the different ISF categories

Answer 25

1 unit of insulin will decrease BG by 1 mmol/L in a PT with ISF of 1
1 unit of insulin will decrease BG by 2 mmol/L in a PT with and ISF of 2
and so on to ISF 4

Question 26

what is the equation for calculating ISF

Answer 26

100/TDD of insulin

Question 27

what is the angle of insertion for an insulin pen

Answer 27

usually 90 degrees but might be 45 if it is going sub q

Question 28

what is a normal dose for SC injection

Answer 28

0.5-1 mL

Question 29

what is the max dose for a sub q injection

Answer 29

2 mL

Question 30

what area on the body has the quickest absorption for insulin

Answer 30

Abdomen

Question 31

can you use alcohol swabs to clean an insulin injection site

Answer 31

yes while in the hospital they can be used

Question 32

how do you clear an insulin pen of air

Answer 32

usually prime the needle with about 2 units of insulin and press the plunger

Question 33

what are the Basal/long acting insulins

Answer 33

NPH
Glargine
Degludec

Question 34

What are the bolus insulins

Answer 34

Aspart
Lispro
Regular

Question 35

if you administered 20 g of fast acting carbs to a patient and they were still 4 mmol/L or less what would you do

Answer 35

Repeat three times or after 45 min move on to administering glucagon or dextrose 50%

Question 36

if you administered one dose of 1 mg glucagon and the patient BG was still less than 4 mmol/L what would you do

Answer 36

repeat the treatment twice or after 30 min establish IV access and move on to dextrose 50%