Seminar 3 Blood glucose Flashcards
What is normal fasting blood glucose levels
less than or equal to 6 mmol/L
what are prediabetic levels for a fasting blood glucose test
6.1-6.9 mmol/L
What are diabetic levels for a fasting blood glucose test
greater than or equal to 7 mmol/L
What is considered normal for an A1C test
less than 6% is considered normal
what is considered prediabetic for an A1C test
6%-6.4%
what is considered diabetic for an A1C test
6.5% or greater
what is a normal reading for a random blood glucose test
less than 11.1 mmol/L
what are signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
cold and clammy need some candy
-and sympathetic signs since when blood sugar is low SNS is activated
what are signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia
Think the three P’s
-Polyuria
-polydipsia (increased thirst)
-polyphagia
-N/V
when should blood glucose readings be taken*
should be done 30 min before a meal or 2 hours after a meal
what is the abbreviation for before a meal
AC
what is the abbreviation for after a meal
PC
how do you store BGM test strips
strips deteriorate when exposed to heat light or moisture so make sure to keep in container with the cap closed
if you do not get enough blood on the first test are you allowed to reuse the same strip
NO get a new strip and repeat the test
when do QC solutions expire if they are unopened**
they expire 24 months from the date of manufacturing
how long do QC solutions last after they are opened**
they are good for 90 days once they are opened
what is the normal range for BG result on a NOVA*
3.3-7 mmol/l
what is a critically low BG result on a NOVA *
anything below 2.6 mmol/L
what is a critically high BG result on a NOVA *
greater than 25 mmol/L
do you take the first drop of blood for the BG reading
no wipe away the first drop and take the second
what is the first thing you should do if you get an unexpected BG reading from a patient and they are asymptomatic
repeat the test before doing anything to confirm the result
what would you do if a PT has a blood glucose of less than 4 mmol/L and can swallow
administer 20 g of fast acting carbohydrates
what would you do if a PT has a blood glucose of less than 4 mmol/L and can not swallow
administer glucagon 1 mg IM/SQ
what would you do if a PT has a blood glucose of less than 4 mmol/L has a patent IV
-administer 10 g (20 mL) of dextrose 50% injectable over 2-3 minutes
-if no immediate response administer 15 g (30 mL) of dextrose 50% over 2-3 minutes
what type of insulin is Lispro
short acting (given at mealtimes)
is glargine clear or cloudy insulin
usually long acting insulins are cloudy but glargine is an exception and is clear
how much will blood glucose decrease with 1 unit of insulin in the different ISF categories
1 unit of insulin will decrease BG by 1 mmol/L in a PT with ISF of 1
1 unit of insulin will decrease BG by 2 mmol/L in a PT with and ISF of 2
and so on to ISF 4
what is the equation for calculating ISF
100/TDD of insulin
what is the angle of insertion for an insulin pen
usually 90 degrees but might be 45 if it is going sub q
what is a normal dose for SC injection
0.5-1 mL
what is the max dose for a sub q injection
2 mL
what area on the body has the quickest absorption for insulin
Abdomen
can you use alcohol swabs to clean an insulin injection site
yes while in the hospital they can be used
how do you clear an insulin pen of air
usually prime the needle with about 2 units of insulin and press the plunger
what are the Basal/long acting insulins
NPH
Glargine
Degludec
What are the bolus insulins
Aspart
Lispro
Regular
if you administered 20 g of fast acting carbs to a patient and they were still 4 mmol/L or less what would you do
Repeat three times or after 45 min move on to administering glucagon or dextrose 50%
if you administered one dose of 1 mg glucagon and the patient BG was still less than 4 mmol/L what would you do
repeat the treatment twice or after 30 min establish IV access and move on to dextrose 50%
