Seminar 2

Question 1

When there appears to be ectopic canines, what further IO assessment should you carry out?

Answer 1

• palpate for canines buccal and palatal
• check mobility of retained Cs
• look at position of upper laterals
• check mobility of laterals

Question 2

What is the aetiology of ectopic canines?

Answer 2

• long path of eruption
• genetic link
• crowding (canine is last to erupt)
• ectopic position of tooth germ

Question 3

What is the genetic link for ectopic canines?

Answer 3

• associated with other dental anomalies
• class 2 div 2
• missing or diminutive laterals
• females > males

Question 4

What are the risks of leaving ectopic canines unerupted?

Answer 4

• root resorption of adjacent teeth
• resorption of canine crown
• ankylosis of canine
• eventual loss of primary C and complex restorative work
• cystic change of canine

Question 5

When is extraction suitable for ectopic canines?

Answer 5

• canine deemed unalignable
• no risk of damage to adjacent teeth
• patient is happy with appearance of C, and C has good prognosis
• no radiographic evidence of early root resorption
• patient refuses orthodontics

Question 6

What would deem an ectopic canine unalignable?

Answer 6

• above apical third of incisor roots
• too close to dental midline
• angle is greater than 55 degrees to midsagittal plane

Question 7

What is the IOTN for ectopic canines?

Answer 7

5i

Question 8

What special investigations would you carry out for an unerupted incisor?

Answer 8

• anterior occlusal maxilla or PAs
• OPT

Question 9

What is the aetiology of unerupted central incisors?

Answer 9

• unerupted supernumerary
• retained primary tooth
• early loss of primary tooth (adjacent teeth drift into space)
• trauma to deciduous tooth resulting in dilaceration of successor
• crowding
• ectopic tooth germ

Question 10

What syndromes are associated with delayed eruption?

Answer 10

• down syndrome
• cleidocranial dysostosis
• CLP
• Turner syndrome
• rickets

Question 11

Define primary failure of eruption.

Answer 11

Failure of eruption with no identifiable local or systemic cause

Question 12

How do you diagnose primary failure of eruption?

Answer 12

• can only be diagnose once traction has been applied to tooth and there is little/no movement
• no ankylosis of tooth, eruptive mechanism is affected

Question 13

What are red flags for unerupted/ectopic teeth?

Answer 13

• > 6 months since contralateral tooth erupted
• change in eruption sequence

Question 14

At what age does the potential for spontaneous eruption diminish?

Answer 14

> 9 years