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Physics Tests > Semester Exam: Chapters 1-13 > Flashcards

Semester Exam: Chapters 1-13 Flashcards

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1
Q

The energy an object acquires when it is exposed to a force is called ….. energy.

A

Kinetic

Pg. 172

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2
Q

The resistance of molecules to flow because of their attraction to other molecules and to the walls of their container is called …..

A

Viscosity

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3
Q

Motion about an internal axis is called ….. motion.

A

Rotary

Pg. 186

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4
Q

What is defined as the time rate doing work?

A

Power

Pg. 162

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5
Q

The type of collision in which kinetic energy is conserved is called …..

A

Elastic

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6
Q

The product of an object’s mass and velocity is called …..

A

Momentum

Pg. 196

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7
Q

The time rate of change in angular displacement is called …..

A

Angular velocity

Pg. 188

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8
Q

Which of the following statements is true concerning friction?

A

Friction works as an opposite force to a forward motion force

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9
Q

A heavy spinning disk used in many machines in order to conserve angular momentum is a(n) …..

A

Flywheel

Pg. 198

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10
Q

Of the four fundamental forces, which is the strongest?

A

Strong Force

Pg. 119

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11
Q

The man who wrote Principia was …..?

A

Newton

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12
Q

In one circle there are ….. radians.

A

2

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13
Q

Avogadro’s number is equal to …..

A

6.022 X 10^23 molecules

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14
Q

The torque produced by a 115 N force applied perpendicularly to the end of a 2.00 m board pivoted at the other end is …..

A

T(torque)= F(r)

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15
Q

The point beyond which a stretched substance will not return to its original length is called its ……

A

Elastic limit

Pg. 69, 73

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16
Q

Completion
When the work done in moving an object depends only on the initial and final locations, the object is restrained by ….. forces.

A

Conservative

Pg. 176

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17
Q

The product Fr is called …..

A

Torque

Pg. 195

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18
Q

The term …. is often defined as the “the capacity to do work.”

A

Energy

Pg. 172

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19
Q

Any solid object rotating about a fixed axis is called a(n) ……

A

Gyroscope

Pg. 199

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20
Q

The linear distance from one point to another on a circular path is called the …..

A 
Arc length (s)
Pg. 187
21
Q

The …. of an object is defined as the ratio of its mass to its volume.

A

Density

Pg. 20

22
Q

An angle who vertex is placed at the center of a circle and subtends an arc length equal to one radius is the definition for a(n) …..

A

Radian

Pg. 187

23
Q

The type of collision in which kinetic energy is not conserved is called a(n) ….. collision.

A

Inelastic

Pg. 182

24
Q

The statement “If a system is isolated from nonconservative forces, then the total mechanical energy must remain constant” is called the law of ….. of mechanical energy.

A

conservation

Pg. 177

25
Q

The amount of rotation accomplished by a rotating body is measured by its …..

A

angular displacement

Pg. 188

26
Q

The average angular velocity of a rotor that turns 314 rad in 7.53 s is ….. rad/s. (Keep significant figures)

A

41.7 rad/s

27
Q

The time it would take for a ball that is rolling at 15 rad/s to rotate one time is …..s. (Round to two decimals)

A

0.13 seconds

2/15

28
Q 
True/False 
To change (degrees to radians) multiply by the factor 180 degrees/pie.
A

False

pie/180 degrees

29
Q

The change in the momentum of an object affected by a force is equal to the object’s (impulse).

A

True

Pg 183

30
Q

The IMA of any simple machine will be (less) in value than its AMA.

A

more

Pg. 167

31
Q

When the net force acting on a system is zero, the (momentum) of the whole system remains constant.

A

True

Stated above - law of conservation of momentum

32
Q

When, at every possible pivot point, the sum of clockwise torques equals the sum of counterclockwise torques, the system is said to be in (translational) equilibrium.

A

rotational

Pg. 201

33
Q

If a disk and a ring of the same mass and radius are released simultaneously at the top of an inclined plane, the (disk) will roll to the bottom first.

A

True

34
Q

An angular velocity of 4500 rev/min is equal to about (430) rad/s.

A
  1. rad/s
35
Q

As body’s resistance to a change in its rotary motion is called (friction).

A

rotational inertia

36
Q

Short answer

Define the two conditions a body must meet in order to be in static equilibrium.

A
  1. The first condition of static equilibrium is that the net forces acting on the body (horizontally and vertically) must be zero.
  2. The second condition of static equilibrium assures: in any given plane, the sum of clockwise torques must equal the sum of counterclockwise torques about every possible pivot point.

Pg. 201

37
Q

What is the defining feature of a completely inelastic collision which distinguishes it from any other type of collision.

A

In a completely inelastic collision, the two objects stick together afterward.

Pg. 182

38
Q 
Know symbols for the following:
Rotational inertia
Angular acceleration 
Universal gas constant
Temperature
Time
Density
Displacement
Coefficient of friction 
Torque 
Angular velocity
A 
Rotational inertia (I) capital i 
Angular acceleration (a) Greek alpha 
Universal gas constant (R) 
Temperature (K) kelvins 
Time (s) seconds 
Density (p) Greek 
Displacement (d)
Coefficient of friction (u) Greek letter w/ two lines of bottom edges
Torque (t) Greek small swiggley capital T
Angular velocity (w)
39
Q

Write correct Equations

The work-energy theorem

A

W= 0.5(m)(v final)^2 - 0.5(m)(v initial)^2

Pg. 173

40
Q

Determines the translational kinetic energy of an object

A

KE= 0.5(m)(v)^2

Pg. 196

41
Q

Determines the angular acceleration of an object

A

a = delta w
————
t

Pg. 189

42
Q

The law of torque

A

T= I (a)
Small Greek t
Capital i
Greek alpha

Pg. 196

43
Q

Determines the total kinetic energy of a moving body

A

KE= 0.5(m)(v)^2 + 0.5(I)(w)^2

Pg. 197

44
Q

Problems

When you turn on your CD player, the turntable accelerates from zero to 41.8 rad/s in 3.0 s. What is the angular acceleration?

A

a= (w final) - (w initial)
—————————
t

Pg. 189

45
Q

What is the gravitational potential energy of a flower pot weighing 0.41 kg and sitting on a second-floor window sill 12 m above the ground?

A

PE=mgh

Pg. 175

46
Q

How much torque do you exert on a lug (a nut used to fasten the wheel of a car to the axle) if you apply 50.0 lb of force perpendicular to the end of a 3.0 ft lug wrench?

A

T= Fr

47
Q

If a 7.3 kg bowling ball collides head-on with a 1.6 kg pin, and if the velocity of a ball before a collision is 3.0 m/s and after collision is 1.9 m/s, what is the velocity of the pin after collision?

A

m1v1+m2v2=(m1v1)+(m2v2)

48
Q

What is the value of Young’s modulus for a wire 0.20 m long and 7.85 x 10 (to the negative 9) m^2 in cross sectional area if it stretches 1.0 x 10 (to the negative 2) m when a force of 15.0 N is applied?

A

F delta length
—— = Y —————
A Original length

49
Q

A rifle forces a 1.8 X 10(to the negative 3) kg bullet into a block of balsa wood. What is the average force exerted on the bullet by the balsa wood if it’s decelerated at an average rate of 3.4 X 10(to the 5th) m/s?

A

p=mv

kg•m/s

Physics Tests (11 decks)

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