Chapter 3-5 Flashcards
Which of the following does not contribute to the rise of water in a small tube? Adhesion Atmospheric pressure Cohesion Gravity
Gravity
The curved surface of a liquid inside a small tube is called a ….
Meniscus
The resistance of molecules to flow because of their attraction to other like molecules and to walls of their container is called…
Viscosity
Which of the following gases is the most abundant in the atmosphere ?
Nitrogen 78%
A hydraulic device functions based on ….
A confined liquid multiplying force
The distance below the highest level of water in a closed system is the ……
Water head
If voltage is directly proportional to current and the current increases what happens to the voltage?
Voltage increases by same factor as the current
Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?
These are units of pressure:
Pa
N/m^2
Which of the following is not a value of standard atmospheric pressure ?
These are Standard Units of atmospheric Pressure: 1 atm 760mm of Hg 760 torr 1.013 x 10^5 Pa and 101.3 kPa 1.013 bar and 1013 mbar (millibar)
The study of liquids at rest is called ….
Hydrostatics
Which of the following is concerned only with the proportionality between volume and temperature at a constant pressure?
Charles’s law
Avogadro’s number is equal to ….
6.022 x 10^23 molecules
A device that transports air or is driven by air pressure is called a(n).,,,
Pneumatic device
Which of the following principals is true for all fluids?
Archimedes’ principle
Which of the following does not use a liquid?
Aneroid barometer
If a gas inside a rigid, solid steel container is heated at 350 K, ….
Pressure will increase
If the diameter of a pipe is halved, the velocity of the liquid inside it will….
Increase
A deformative force per unit cross sectional area is called ….
Stress
The point beyond which a stretched substance will not return to its original length is called its ….
Elastic limit
What is the maximum amount of relative deformation that may be permanently placed upon an object?
Plasticity
Completion
Any substance capable of flowing is called a(n)..,,
Fluid
The attractive force between like molecules is called ….
Cohesion
The fact that lateral pressure decreases as a fluid’s velocity increases is called …….. Principle.
Bernoulli’s
Using a fluid stream to catch up and carry another fluid is called ….
Entrained
The man who stated, “At the same temperature and pressure, two gases of the same volume have the same number of molecules” was …..
Avogadro
A(n) device uses a confined liquid to multiply force.
Hydraulic device
The amount of deformation required to bring a material to its elastic limit is called….
Resilience
When a material is shaped by being pressed between heavy rollers, the material has undergone the mechanical process of ….
Forging
A material that can recover its original shape after deformation displays the property of ….
Elasticity
True/False
Liquid ejected from an orifice at the bottom of a container will travel a farther distance than liquid coming from an orifice at the middle of a container.
False
The shape of a container *does not * affect the pressure on the bottom.
True
The lateral pressure on a dam is the same at all depths.
Is not the same
In reality, nature permits a vacuum.
Abhors
A barameter is a laboratory device which is used to measure the pressure of a gas sample.
Manometer
Equation
The law of liquid pressure.
P=pgh
Short Answer
Define force and pressure
Force is any push or pull on an object.
Pressure is the amount of force brought to bear on a unit area of surface.
Explain how surface tension creates spherical droplets of water
Surface tension is a liquid’s resistance to increase it surface area. Once the water achieves a spherical shape, contraction can proceed no farther because a sphere has the least surface area of any other shape with equivalent volume.
What two factors affect air pressure? What causes atmospheric pressure ?
Two factors that affect air pressure: temperature and the number of air molecules.
Causes of atmospheric pressure: Atmospheric pressure is caused by earth’s gravitational pull of air molecules in its reach. Also, the molecules in the lower atmosphere are confined by the downward force, or weight of the air molecules above them, all adding to the pressure of earth’s atmosphere.
Explain how a siphon works
Siphons transport liquid from a higher container to a lower container by first pumping the liquid to a point in the tube where the liquid level is heavier in the tube than in the higher container and then gravity takes the liquid into the lower container.
Page 66
Define three of the four main points on a typical graph of stress vs strain for a solid
The elastic limit is the maximum stress the material can sustain without being permanently deformed.
The ultimate tensile strength is the maximum stress the material can sustain without breaking.
The breaking point represents the maximum strain tolerated by the material.
Word/math problems
41-45
Q
