Physics Final Chapters 1-28 Flashcards
The production of light by a heated body is called …..
incandescence
Pg. 420
The ….. is defined as the minimum energy sufficient to free an electron.
work function
Pg. 424
The science of wave mechanics was proposed by …..
Schrödinger
Pg. 435
The shape of an orbital is indicated by the ….. quantum number.
second quantum number
“Subshell”
Pg. 430
Currently there are ….. possible electron shells.
seven
Pg. 430
What particle of the atom’s nucleus determines the atom’s atomic number?
protons
Pg. 23
A hydraulic device demonstrates ….. principle.
Pascal’s
Pg. 40
A deformative force per unit cross-sectional area is called …..
stress
Pg. 72
For a simple machine, the ratio of input distance to output distance is …..
IMA - ideal mechanical advantage
Pg. 164
The time rate of change in angular displacement is called …..
angular velocity
Pg. 188
The primary colors of light include all the following except …..
the primary colors of light are red, green, and blue
Pg. 273
Magnetic induction can be measured in any of the following units except …..
magnetic induction can be measured in teslas (T), (N/A•m), and (Wb/m^2)
Pg. 352,355
The sum of all the changes in potential difference around a circuit is determined by …..
Kirchhoff’s second law
Pg. 396
A material which readily transmit a current is called a(n) ……
conductor
Pg. 328
The production of charge by the influence of a charged body at a distance is called …..
induction
Pg. 330
Matching Quantum Theory Photon Matter Waves Quantum model of the hydrogen atom Exclusion principle
Choices: Bohr Boltzmann de Broglie Einstein Heisenberg Pauli Planck Schrodinger
Quantum Theory- Planck pg. 423 Photon- Einstein pg. 425 Matter Waves- de Broglie pg. 429 Quantum model of the hydrogen atom- Bohr pg. 433 Exclusion principle- Pauli pg. 430
True/False
A (black body) is both an ideal absorber and an ideal radiator.
true
Pg. 420
Energy can be emitted from a body in any multiple of (0.5) quantum.
(1.0)
Pg. 422
Electrons are ejected from a photoemissive surface at any frequency of illumination (below) the threshold frequency.
above
Pg. 425
All exchanges of energy between light and matter are best explained by treating light as a (stream of particles)
wave-particle duality
Pg. 268
For a given gas, the prominent lines in the line emission spectrum are (identical) in location to the prominent lines in the line absorption spectrum.
true
Pg. 432-433
A (d) orbital is two-lobed.
(p)
Pg. 430
According to the theory of special relativity, the speed of light (can) be exceeded.
(cannot)
Pg. 446
Objects appear to (gain) mass as they accelerate with respect to an observer’s frame of reference.
true
Pg. 448
Energy is (inversely) proportional to mass.
proportional
Pg. 448
(Calorimetry) is the science of measuring the equilibrium temperature of a mixture.
true
Pg. 218
Zero (Celsius) is the lowest theoretically attainable temperature.
Kelvin
Pg. 61
In a circuit containing resistances in (parallel) the current is the same at every point in the circuit.
series
Pg. 387
The shape of a container holding a liquid (does not) affect the amount of pressure on the bottom.
true
Pg. 36
Know the symbols for the following variables:
Planck's constant Focal length Wavelength Charge Capacitance Electric potential difference Magnetic flux Magnetic induction Resistivity Stefan-Boltzmann constant
Planck’s constant (h) pg. 269
Focal length (f) pg. 283
Wavelength (lambda symbol) pg. 240
Charge (q) pg. 336
Capacitance (C) pg. 405
Electric potential difference (V) pg. 336
Magnetic flux (o/) circle with slash through it pg. 355
Magnetic induction (B) pg. 344
Resistivity (p) pg. 381
Stefan-Boltzmann constant (lowercase sigma) pg. 421
Completion
The ejection of electrons from a surface exposed to radiation is called the ….. effect.
photoelectric
Pg. 423
The ….. effect indicates that X-rays detected at any angle of scattering are most intense at two wavelengths.
Compton
Pg. 427
Below about 5000 K, the frequency at which blackbody radiates most strongly lies in the ….. region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
infrared
Pg. 421
Research on the photoelectric effect found that current rises very little above the ….. potential of an object.
saturation
Pg. 424
To measure the speed of light, Michelson measured the time required for 1/8 rotation of an octagonal ……
mirror
Pg. 442
In the nineteenth century, it was widely believed that the universe was permeated by an imperceptible medium called …..
ether
Pg. 443
The fifth tenet of special relativity states that with respect to an observer’s frame of reference, a moving object will experience both time …… and length contraction.
dilation
Pg. 449
The speed of light to three significant digits is ….. m/s.
3.00•10^8 m/s
Pg. 443
Physics is the study of ….. and energy.
matter
Pg. 2
Attraction between two like molecules is called …..
cohesion
Pg. 33
The value of (g) to three significant figures is m/s(2).
9.80 m/s^2
Pg. 35
A pathway of any projectile is called the projectile’s …..
trajectory
Pg. 106
The product (Fr) is the definition for …..
torque
Pg. 195
The amount of heat lost is equal to the amount of heat gained is known as the law of …..
heat exchange
Pg. 215
A transfer of energy caused by a force operating over a distance is called …..
work
Pg. 223
The color of light which is most readily scattered is ….. light.
blue
Pg. 324
The only available charge carriers in a solid material are …..
electrons
Pg. 328
….. law states that the current induced by a change in flux linkage is directed so as to create a magnetic field that opposes the change.
Lenz’s
Pg. 365
Short Answer
State the uncertainty principle.
The uncertainty principle states that we know either an electron’s position or momentum, but not both at the same time.
Pg. 436
State the Pauli exclusion principle.
The Pauli exclusion principle states no two electrons within an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.
Pg. 430
What is the fundamental assumption of special relativity?
The fundamental assumption of special relativity is that the speed of light is the same for every observer regardless of his motion.
Pg. 446
What is the difference between relativity and relativism?
Relativity is a scientific theory that states how related elements of space and time change with respect to speed or gravity; whereas relativism is philosophy which states that all attempts to distinguish between right and wrong are relative to the situation.
Pg. 445
Problems:
66-72
Q
