Semester 2 Exam

Question 1

Federalist

Answer 1

• favored a strong federal governemtn
• supported Hamilton’s economic plan
• Supporters were mainly in New England
• ruled by the “best” people
• loose interpretations of the Constituion
• an expanding bureaucracy
• Pro-British
• strong navy to protect commerce

Question 2

Democrat Republican

Answer 2

• ruled by the informed masses
• friendliness toward extensions of democracy
• weak central gov’t to conserve states’ right
• strict interpretation of the Constitution
• Pro-French
• reduction of office holders
• against the national bank, encouraged state banks
• supporters in the South and West
• weak navy to protect coast

Question 3

Lousiana Purchase

Answer 3

• Jefferson was worried about the control of the Mississippi River and he sends delegates to France. Napoleon needed money to fight Britian so he sells LA to US for a bargain price of $15 Million
• the purchase doubled the size of the US

Question 4

Lewis and Clark

Answer 4

After the LA Purchase, Jefferson sent Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the Territory. They found paths through the Rocky Mts. and reached the Pacific Ocean. Along the way they met Sacagawea, a Native American woman who served as a guide

Question 5

Embargo

Answer 5

The Embargo Act of 1807 was a law passed by the United State Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson on December 22, 1807. It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. The act greatly hurt the South’s economy because the south’s economy was majorly based off of foreign exports and foreign imports. The embargo act greatly positively impacted because that made the nation depend soley on the north for manufactored goods.

Question 6

Industrial Revolution

Answer 6

TheRevolution showed America just how dependent they were on foreign nations for manufactured goods. After the revolution, the north decided to industrialize which eliminated the need for slaves in the north. Instead, factory owners would hire women and children to work in the factories since they can be away with paying them lower wages. Industrialization helped make the north self-efficient.

Question 7

Agricultural South

Answer 7

The south did not see the need to industrialize since their economy was doing very well by producing cotton, rice, tobacco and other cash crops. As the economy grew, th south needed a larger work force therefore slavery grew amongst the south

Question 8

Tariff

Answer 8

Tariffs are taxes placed on imported goods. They were promoted by Madison and Clay because the tariffs would make British goods more expensive than American made goods. This would help the northern economy boom but would hurt the south greatly

Question 9

Second National Bank (BUS)

Answer 9

Attitudes toward the BUS were less divided. Most leaders agreed that the national bank would benefit all. The second national bank would make a national currency

Question 10

The Monroe Doctorine

Answer 10

The Monroe Doctorine states that the Europe should mind Europes business and stay out of the Western Hemisphere, because the Western Hemisphere was going to stay out of European affairs. If Europe had existing colonies, they were allowed to stay but there were to be no new colonies or establishments nor could they try to over throw any newly independent colonies. If Europe ignored this Doctorine, it would be seen as “dangerous to our peace and safety” and would be seen as an acto of war

Question 11

The Missouri Compromise

Answer 11

When Missouri wanted to become a state, they applied as a slave state, but congressman James Tallmadge said that Missouri could only enter if they would gradually free slaves. Missouri entering stirred up a lot of issues amongst the nations because Missouri woulld cause the slavery balance to be overthrown. Henry Clay drew up the Missouri compromise that said Maine could enter as a free state and Missouri could enter as slave. Also for future reference, all states north of the 36°30’ were to be free and all the states south would be slave. This would only be a temporary fix.

Question 12

Adams-Onís Treaty

Answer 12

Spain “gave” America their land in Florida and its territory in Oregon in 1819 because Spain was too weak to control its land in the New World

Question 13

Common Man

Answer 13

As people moved west, the democracy moved west with them. The requirements to vote were changed and allowed so many more white men to vote. Since the common men were now able to vote, the president that stood for the common man had much larger chance/opportunity to win.

Question 14

Spoil System

Answer 14

The spoil system is when the incoming officials throw out the former officials appointees and replace them with their own friends. Jefferson fired nearly 10% of the federal employees and replaced them with his own loyal friends

Question 15

Marbury vs Madison

Answer 15

In the case of Marbury and Madison, Judicial review was created. Judicial review is the power given to the Supreme Court to decide whether laws passed by Congress were constitutional or not.

Question 16

Indian Removal Act

Answer 16

Jackson that the only reasonable solution was to force Natives to move west and Congress passed the Indian Removal Act. The federal government proceeds funds to negotiate treaties that forced the 5 tribes to move west. Jackson believed that the deal was generous because it enabled the natives to maintain their way of life. Jackson wanted to remove the natives even though they had adapted to the way of American Life.

Question 17

Bank War

Answer 17

The national bank held all of the tax revenue and the money of elites and individuals and their businesses. Jackson decided to use pet banks and basically kill the National bank. After he dispursed all of the money into pet banks, the national bank called all of the people that had loans and said all of the loans were due in full and there would be no new loans. Jefferson angered so many people that the Whig party formed.

Question 18

Trail of Tears

Answer 18

Chief Justice Marshall initially thought hay the natives had no federal standing because they were just a “domestic dependent”. Jackson then pressed the Choctaw to sign a treaty that required them to leave Mississippi. In 1831, federal troops forcibly removed the natives from AL and MS. The Cherokees then decided to use the “equal rights” from the US system and teamed up with Samuel Austin Worcester to fight the Removal and Marshall then ruled in favor of the Indians Jackson was not happy and ignored Marshall and ordered troops to remove more Indians.

Question 19

Nullification

Answer 19

Nullification is the idea that states have the right to declare a federal law unconstitutional and if they believe it is unconstitutional they do not have to obey it and if they are denied the ability to deny it, they have the right to secession.

Question 20

Revivals

Answer 20

Revivals were the main way in which the Second Great Awakening spread. They often lasted 4-7 days and involved organized preaching and prayer with spontaneous responses from the crowds.

Question 21

Transcendentalism

Answer 21

• “TRUE IS NOT OBJECTIVE ALONE-DISCOVERED BY ‘INNER LIGHT”’
• promoted individualism, self-reliance, self-discipline
• a philosophical and literary movement that emphasizes simple life, truth found in nature, imagination and art

Question 22

Unitarianism

Answer 22

• emphasized reason and appeals to conscience as the paths to perfection
• wealthy and educated followed
• believed conversion was a gradual process
• purpose of Christianity was “the perfection of human nature”
• utopian societies were the perfect place

Question 23

Abolition

Answer 23

Abolition was centered around the church because that was one of the only the organizations that the African American community could attend. It could either be peaceful or violent. Fredrick Douglas and William Llyod Garrison were two very influential people in the abolition movement. Garrison was the editor of the abolition newspaper named “The Liberator” and Douglas was a former slave.

Question 24

Education Reform

Answer 24

Horace Mann established and reformed public school system in Massachusettes. His system became the model fo most of US. Attendance became more important and more of a priority.

Question 25

Prison and Asylum Reform

Answer 25

Dorothea Dix was a reformer in the prisons and asylums. She reformed the care of the mentally ill in the South form 1845-1852. She had to travel from state to state because prison and asylums were the states’ responsibility.

Question 26

Internal improvements

Answer 26

Internal improvements included roads, canals, roads, turnpikes, railroads, and steamboats. However, the internal improvements created the issue of who would pay. The national government wanted to pay so that it could be used to unify the nation. The north greatly supported the idea of federal funding, but the south opposed because there would be tax put in place to be able to pay for the improvements and the south did not see the need for them to make those internal improvements so they did not see the need in them paying for something that the did not need. Ultimately the decision was made that the states would be put in charge of the internal improvements. The north improved and advanced while the south did not.