SELF REPORT: general flashcards
How do we assess the reliability of self-report?
gives ppts self-report again at a later date, if the results are similar the test is reliable.
How do we improve the reliability of self-report?
-train interviewers so it is standardised
-provide standard questions
-ask closed questions with quantitive data
how do we assess the validity of self-report?
compare the results of the self-report with another self-report on the same topic.
how do we improve the validity of a self-report?
-the self-report uses simple wording
-label any rating scales clearly
what is self report?
when ppts are asked to state feeling, opinions, behaviours or experiences relating to a given topic.
strengths of self report?
- can find out how someone feels/thinks
weaknesses of self report?
ppts can lie/ social desirability
examples of self report?
interview and questions
what is a questionaire?
a set of written questions used to assess a persons thoughts or experiences.
what are open questions?
doe snot have a fixed range of answers and respondents are free to answer in any way they wish.
strengths of open questions?
-large amounts of data can be collected quickly
-reaches a large of amount of people
weakness of open questions?
-responses may not be truthful
what is a closed question?
questions where ppts have a fixed choice of options to chose from when responding.
strengths of closed questions?
-less time taken
-cost effective
-straight forward to analyse
weaknesses of closed question?
-responses may not be truthful
-no insight
what is an interview?
a ‘live’ encounter where on person asks a set of questions to another person.
what is a structured interview?
interviews that are made up of pre-determined set of questions.
strengths of structured interviews?
-straight forward to replicate
-standardised format-reduces differences between interviews
weaknesses of structured interviews?
-responses may not be truthful
what is a semi structured interview?
falls in between the two types
strengths of semi structured interviews?
-gets answers
-gains insight
-good to use for job interviews
weaknesses of semi structured interviews?
-lots of data to go through
-hard to collect wanted data
what is unstructured interview?
works like a conversation, the interviewer has no set questions.
strengths of unstructured interviews?
-flexibility
-gain insight
weaknesses of unstructured interviews?
-social desirability
-interview bias
-irrelevant information
what is quantitative data ?
data that can be counted, usually given as a number
what is qualitative data?
data that is expressed in words and non-numerical
strengths of quantitative data?
-simple to analyse
-less open to bias
weaknesses of quantitative data?
-narrow in meaning
-may fail to represent ‘real life’
strengths of qualitative data?
-high detail
-broader in scope
-greater external validity
weaknesses of qualitative data?
-often difficult to analysis
-conclusions rely on the subject interpretations
-subject to bias
what is reliability?
refers to how consistent a measuring device is.
