self assesment vascular DAVIES Flashcards
The innominate a is a branch of the
Aortic arch
When the external iliac a passes underneath this structure, it becomes the CFA
Inguinal ligament
This artery passes forward above the interosseous membrane and distally comes to lie on the front of the tibia.
anterior tibial a
Tunica intima refers to
the inner layer of the vessel wall
T/F the peroneal arteries are palpable
false
the best anatomic landmark for locating the l renal a is the
L renal vein
which has a lower pulse amplitude the aorta or the iliac artery>
aorta
extrinsic compression of the celiac a can be caused by the
median arcuate ligament
Are velocity and pressure directly or indirectly related
indirectly
T/F hyperventilation causes vasodilation of a high resistance bed
FALSE
a 75% area reduction equates to a
50% diameter reduction
T/F heat loss occurs at post stenotic turbulence
true
exercise induces periperal vasodialation in the microcirculation whcih decreases the distal peripheral __________.
resistance
T/F claudication is always vascular in orgin
fase
Primary Raynauds occcures when ischemia is caused by a distal_____ ________.
arterial spasm
what is the most important differential diagnositc parameter for pseudoaneurysms
communicating tract between artery and aneurysm
can a high resistance signal also be continuous
NO
analog recordings displays amplitueds of all _________.
frequencies
a pt with ischemic rest pain complains of foot pain when _____ and its relieved by ______.
supine, standing
an ABI of 0.65 is in what category?
Claudication
Used for toe pressures
PPG
could a common iliac artery occlusion cause vasulogenic impotence
yes
what does the upstroke of a wave form represent
arterial inflow exceeds venous outflow
what is a dicrotic notch
a reflected wave, noted in a normal waveform for a plethysmographic waveform.
The toe pressure should be this percentage to the ankel pressure
80%
waveforms as the result of secondary raynauds phenomena have this unique characteristic
peaked
The most common site fo stenosis or occlusion of the hemodialysis graft is the
outflow vein
a ratio of stenotic to prestenotic PSV of greater than 2.1 for the femoral a would be at what diameter reduction
50-99%.
what artery is evaluated if the pt is complaining of crampy dull abdominal pain immediatly after meals
superior mesenteric a
how should a post prandial SMA waveform appear
low resistive
how should a fasting SMA waveform appear
high resistive
the adison maneuver is often performed in the assessment of
thoracic outlet syndrome
most common omplications of arteriography
puncture site hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, local artery oocclusion
T/F the gastrocnemius a is often used in balloon angioplasty
false
in a bypass graft reverse flow is detected in teh artery just proximal to the distal anastmosis. Explain:
normal finding, because blood moves from higher pressure of the graft to the lower pressure of the diseased native vessels.
what are the 3 branches of the aortic arch
L common carotid, L subclavian, Innominate
T/F the ICA has only one branch
false
what is the carotid siphon
the curve of the ICA near the take off of the ophthalmic a.
the basilar a differs from most arteries in that it is fromed by two ____
arteries.
are the vertebrals symmetrical or asymmetrical?
asymmetrical.
T/F the anterior choroidal arteries are in the circle of willis
false
T/T the distal internal carotid arteries are in the circle of willis
true
name the 3 major branches of the ophthalmic artery that exits the orbit
supraorbital, frontal, and nasal
Bernoullis principle expains which phenomenon of the carotid bulb
areas of flow separation
according to poiseuilles law which factor has the most dramatic effecto on blood flow
radius of the vessel
T/F Laminal flow can resume distal to a stenosis
true
T/F flow remains accelerated distal to a stenosis
false
the cause of a right hemispheric infarction
may be right ICA occlusion
During a periorbital exam flow diminishes in the left frontal artey when the left superficial temporal artey is compressed meaning
it signifies a left ICA stenosis
a false negatice OPG-GEE can be attributed to all the following except: A) bilateral ICA stenosis B)well developed collateral channels C) subcritical stenoses D) acute occlusion
D
one difference between continuous wave and pulsed doppler is CW cannot sample a _______ ______
specific point
spectral broadening usually represents:
Turbulent flow
the criteria for determining an 80-99% diameter reduction of the ICA include which of the following
PSV>125cm/s EDV>140cm/s
in a carotid duplex exam the most frequent reason for underestimating the degree of stenosis is:
improper placement of the sample volume.
calcification over or underestimates the stenosis
overestimates
the criteria used to correctly identify vessels during a TCD exam include all of the following except
the degree of spectral broadening
what are the acoustic windows of TCD
transorbital, transtemporal, and transforamenal.
T/F the posterior communicating artery is evaluated on a TCD exam
false
in a TCD exam the normal direction of blood flow i the middle cerebral artery is
antegrade
More severe facial and arm weakness or numbness rather than the leg is associated with a lesion in where
The middle cerebral a.
a carotid duplex study documents an occlusion of the R ICA. TCD detects antegrade flow in the ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery. The most likely source of blood is
crossover collateralization through the contralateral ICA
The residual lumen in 2mm. The normal lumen is considered to be 9mm. The diameter reduction is considered ______%
78%
is the GSV a deep or superficial vein
superficial
The most important function of the soleal vein of the lower leg is
to serve as a temporary reservoir
The deep veins of the upper extremity include all of the following except
cephalic
the return of venous flow from the lower extremity to the heart is assisted by all of the following mechanisms EXCEPT: A) venous valves B) calf muscle C) expiration D) inspiration
D
the three main risk factors for DVT (virchows triad)
endothelial damage, hypercoagulability, venous stasis.
the deep venous thrombosis must be diagnosec and treated to avoid all of the following complications
PE, venous insufficiency, venous hypertension.
most important criteria fro correctly identifing a deep vein is:
an adjacent artery
a continuous wave doppler venous study can be falsely negitive for what reasons
a partial thrombus, bifid system, and collaterals
a CW venous doppler can be falsely postitive for what reasons
obesity, peripheral arterial oclusive disease, and pt postion
the optimal pt postion for eval of DVT
supine, knees slightly flexed, and legs below level of heart.
which vein has valves A) Jugular B)IVC C) Soleal veins D) common iliac v
A
limitiation in utilizing PPG for venus reflux studies
pt has acute DVT, Sensor is placed on a varicosity, nonintact skin.
how does the venous doppler of the arm differ of the leg
the subclavian may be pulsatile, and have decreased augmentation.
Portal vein has what flow
hepatopetal
in venous DVT studies does reflux have value
no
what are the characteristics of acute DVT
Dialted vessel, poor attachment to wall, spongy texture
In sagital view color displays teh GSV as blue after a valsalva the venous flow is red this is showing
valvular incompetence
the confluence of teh axillary and cephalic v form the follwoing vessel
subclavian
The most common sequela of DVT is
valvular destruction
heparin is administered to a pt with acute DVt for what reason
it decreases propagation of the clot
while evaluarting the IJV the examiner notes that it fully coapts and has reduced pulsatility, and exibits a rouleau formation this is consistent with
a more proximal obstruction
the sensitivity of carotid duplex scanning is calculated as
80/85
specificity is calculated as
300/315
the postitive predictive value is calculated as
80/95
the negative predictive value is calculated as
300/305
