Selected Common Dermatologic Conditions Flashcards
Question: A 16-year-old adolescent presents with multiple papules, pustules, and comedones on their face, as well as some on their upper back and chest. They are concerned about their appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis, and what treatment options should be considered?
a) Rosacea
b) Atopic Dermatitis
c) Psoriasis
d) Acne Vulgaris
Acne Vulgaris
Common Distribution: Face, upper back, chest
Usual Morphology: Open and closed comedones, erythematous papules, pustules, cysts
A 45-year-old woman complains of persistent redness on her cheeks and nose, accompanied by occasional papules and pustules. The redness tends to worsen when she drinks hot beverages. What condition is likely causing her symptoms, and how would you approach its management?
a) Seborrheic Dermatitis
b) Acne Vulgaris
c) Rosacea
d) Psoriasis
Rosacea
Common Distribution: Blush area of cheeks, nose, forehead, chin
Usual Morphology: Erythema, telangiectasias, papules, pustules
Question: A 30-year-old man presents with greasy, yellow-brown scales on his scalp and eyebrows. He also notices some redness and itching in these areas. What is the probable diagnosis, and what treatment options would you recommend?
a) Vitiligo
b) Keratosis Pilaris
c) Seborrheic Dermatitis
d) Lichen Planus
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Common Distribution: Scalp, eyebrows, perinasal areas
Usual Morphology: Erythema with greasy yellow-brown scale
A 5-year-old child is brought in by their parents with itchy, red, and scaly patches behind their knees and in the crooks of their elbows. The parents mention a family history of allergic conditions. What condition is likely causing these symptoms, and how should it be managed in this pediatric patient?
a) Stasis Dermatitis
b) Dyshidrotic Eczema
c) Melasma
d) Atopic Dermatitis
Atopic Dermatitis
Common Distribution: Antecubital and popliteal fossae; may be widespread
Usual Morphology: Patches and plaques of erythema, scaling, and lichenification; pruritus
An elderly patient with a history of varicose veins presents with reddish-brown, scaly patches on their lower legs. They complain of itching and swelling in the affected areas. What is the likely diagnosis, and what measures can be taken to alleviate their symptoms?
a) Allergic Contact Dermatitis
b) Lichen Planus
c) Psoriasis
d) Stasis Dermatitis
Stasis Dermatitis
Common Distribution: Ankles, lower legs over medial malleoli
Usual Morphology: Patches of erythema and scaling on a background of hyperpigmentation associated with signs of venous insufficiency
A 35-year-old individual notices the sudden development of small, itchy blisters on their palms and the sides of their fingers. The blisters are painful, and the condition tends to recur. What condition could explain these symptoms, and how can it be managed?
a) Dyshidrotic Eczema
b) Vitiligo
c) Melasma
d) Acne Vulgaris
Dyshidrotic Eczema
Common Distribution: Palms, soles, sides of fingers, and toes
Usual Morphology: Deep vesicles
A 28-year-old woman presents with an intensely itchy rash on her fingers and the dorsal aspect of her foot. She mentions recently handling a new piece of jewelry and gardening without gloves. What is the probable diagnosis, and how should you proceed with treatment and prevention?
a) Seborrheic Dermatitis
b) Psoriasis
c) Allergic Contact Dermatitis
d) Rosacea
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Common Distribution: Anywhere
Usual Morphology: Localized erythema, vesicles, scale, and pruritus (e.g., fingers, earlobes - nickel; dorsal aspect of foot - shoe; exposed surfaces - poison ivy)
A 40-year-old man has raised, silvery scales on his elbows and knees, as well as small pits on his fingernails. He reports that these skin changes are associated with intermittent joint pain. What condition might be responsible for these findings, and what further evaluation is needed?
a) Lichen Planus
b) Psoriasis
c) Stasis Dermatitis
d) Melasma
Psoriasis
Common Distribution: Elbows, knees, scalp, lower back, fingernails (may be generalized)
Usual Morphology: Papules and plaques covered with silvery scale; nails have pits
A 50-year-old patient presents with itchy, violaceous flat-topped papules and plaques on their wrists and ankles. They also report some discomfort in their mouth. What is the likely diagnosis, and how would you approach the management of these skin and oral lesions?
a) Dyshidrotic Eczema
b) Lichen Planus
c) Atopic Dermatitis
d) Keratosis Pilaris
Lichen Planus
Common Distribution: Wrists, ankles, mouth (may be widespread)
Usual Morphology: Violaceous flat-topped papules and plaques
A 25-year-old woman is concerned about rough, bumpy skin on her upper arms and thighs. The affected areas appear to have small, keratotic follicular papules. What condition is causing these skin changes, and what options are available for treatment?
a) Keratosis Pilaris
b) Vitiligo
c) Allergic Contact Dermatitis
d) Seborrheic Dermatitis
Keratosis Pilaris
Common Distribution: Extensor surfaces of arms and thighs, buttocks
Usual Morphology: Keratotic follicular papules with surrounding erythema
A 35-year-old pregnant woman notices the appearance of tan to brown patches on her forehead, cheeks, and upper lip. She’s worried about these changes in her complexion. What is the likely diagnosis, and how should she manage this condition, especially during pregnancy?
a) Rosacea
b) Dyshidrotic Eczema
c) Melasma
d) Acne Vulgaris
Melasma
Common Distribution: Forehead, cheeks, temples, upper lip
Usual Morphology: Tan to brown patches
A 28-year-old patient presents with chalk-white macules on their face, trunk, and extremities. They are concerned about the cosmetic impact of these depigmented patches. What condition is responsible for these skin changes, and what are the available treatment options for vitiligo?
a) Psoriasis
b) Vitiligo
c) Stasis Dermatitis
d) Lichen Planus
Vitiligo
Common Distribution: Periorificial, trunk, extensor surfaces of extremities, flexor wrists, axillae
Usual Morphology: Chalk-white macules
A 65-year-old patient presents with multiple, well-defined, brownish plaques with an adherent, greasy scale on their face, neck, and chest. These lesions have a “stuck on” appearance. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Folliculitis
b) Herpes Simplex
c) Seborrheic Keratosis
d) Impetigo
Seborrheic Keratosis
Common Distribution: Trunk, face, extremities
Usual Morphology: Brown plaques with adherent, greasy scale; “stuck on” appearance
Case: A 30-year-old individual complains of red, itchy pustules around their hair follicles, particularly on their thighs and buttocks. Examination reveals small, pus-filled bumps with surrounding erythema. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Pityriasis Rosea
b) Folliculitis
c) Scabies
d) Herpes Zoster
Folliculitis
Common Distribution: Any hair-bearing area
Usual Morphology: Follicular pustules
A child is brought to the clinic with a fever and honey-colored crusts on their face. The parent reports that the child had a sore throat that started this condition. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Varicella
b) Tinea Versicolor
c) Impetigo
d) Cherry Angioma
Impetigo
Common Distribution: Anywhere
Usual Morphology: Papules, vesicles, pustules, often with honey-colored crusts
Case: A young adult presents with a painful group of vesicles on their lips and oral mucosa. They report a history of similar episodes in the past. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Herpes Zoster
b) Folliculitis
c) Seborrheic Keratosis
d) Herpes Simplex
Herpes Simplex
Common Distribution: Lips, genitalia
Usual Morphology: Grouped vesicles progressing to crusted erosions
Case: A 40-year-old patient develops a sudden, painful rash on one side of their chest and back, following a burning sensation. Examination shows clusters of vesicles over a dermatomal distribution. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Impetigo
b) Pityriasis Rosea
c) Herpes Zoster
d) Dermatofibroma
Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Common Distribution: Dermatomal, usually trunk but may be anywhere
Usual Morphology: Vesicles limited to a dermatome (often painful)
Case: A preschool-aged child presents with a fever and a pruritic rash that started on the trunk and has now spread to the face and extremities. The rash initially appeared as erythematous macules and has progressed to papules and vesicles. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Seborrheic Keratosis
b) Varicella
c) Pityriasis Rosea
d) Folliculitis
Varicella (Chickenpox)
Common Distribution: Face, trunk, relative sparing of extremities
Usual Morphology: Lesions arise in crops and quickly progress from erythematous macules, to papules, to vesicles, to pustules, to crusted sites
Case: A 25-year-old otherwise healthy individual presents with a single, large, oval-shaped lesion on the chest, followed by the development of multiple smaller, scaly, pinkish-red lesions in a Christmas tree-like pattern on the trunk. The patient reports mild itching. What is the likely diagnosis?
a) Tinea Versicolor
b) Scabies
c) Pityriasis Rosea
d) Impetigo
Pityriasis Rosea
Common Distribution: Trunk (Christmas tree pattern); herald patch followed by multiple smaller lesions
Usual Morphology: Symmetric erythematous papules and plaques with a collarette of scale
Case: A 30-year-old patient complains of multiple scaly, hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules on the chest and back. These lesions do not itch but are more noticeable after sun exposure. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Pityriasis Rosea
b) Tinea Versicolor
c) Candidiasis
d) Dermatophytosis
Tinea Versicolor
Common Distribution: Chest, back, abdomen, proximal extremities
Usual Morphology: Scaly hyper- or hypopigmented macules
Case: A 35-year-old woman presents with erythematous, macerated areas in the groin and beneath her breasts, associated with satellite pustules and discomfort. She has a history of diabetes mellitus. What skin condition is most likely causing her symptoms?
a) Tinea Versicolor
b) Impetigo
c) Scabies
d) Candidiasis
Candidiasis
Common Distribution: Groin, beneath breasts, vagina, oral cavity
Usual Morphology: Erythematous macerated areas with satellite pustules; white, friable patches on mucous membranes
Case: A 10-year-old child is brought to the clinic with an itchy, scaly, annular plaque on their arm. The lesion is red at the borders and appears to have central clearing. There are no satellite pustules or mucous membrane involvement. What is the likely diagnosis?
a) Dermatophytosis (Tinea Corporis)
b) Pityriasis Rosea
c) Seborrheic Keratosis
d) Cherry Angioma
Dermatophytosis (Tinea Corporis)
Common Distribution: Feet, groin, beard, or scalp
Usual Morphology: Varies with site (e.g., tinea corporis-scaly annular plaque)
A 34-year-old patient presents with severe itching, especially in the web spaces between fingers and toes, axillae, and groin. On examination, you notice tiny, erythematous papules with central puncta and linear burrows. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Dermatophytosis
b) Folliculitis
c) Scabies
d) Tinea versicolor
Scabies
Common Distribution: Groin, axillae, between fingers and toes, beneath breasts
Usual Morphology: Excoriated papules, burrows, pruritus
A 10-year-old child complains of itchy, raised red bumps on various parts of their body after playing in the park. The lesions are erythematous papules with central puncta. What is the likely cause of these skin lesions?
a) Impetigo
b) Scabies
c) Insect bites
d) Pityriasis rosea
Insect Bites
Common Distribution: Anywhere
Usual Morphology: Erythematous papules with central puncta
A 50-year-old patient presents with multiple small, smooth, bright red papules on their trunk. These papules have been slowly increasing in number over the years. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Tinea versicolor
b) Cherry angioma
c) Herpes simplex
d) Varicella
Cherry Angioma
Common Distribution: Trunk
Usual Morphology: Red, blood-filled papules
A 25-year-old patient has a history of surgical incisions, and you notice raised, firm, pink to brown nodules with overlying skin dimpling at the sites of previous surgeries. What is the likely diagnosis?
Multiple Choice:
a) Cherry angioma
b) Keloid
c) Dermatofibroma
d) Impetigo
Keloid
Common Distribution: Anywhere site of previous injury
Usual Morphology: Firm tumor, pink, purple, or brown
A 40-year-old patient presents with a small, firm, reddish-brown nodule on their lower leg. The lesion shows central dimpling when compressed laterally. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Tinea versicolor
b) Dermatophytosis
c) Dermatofibroma
d) Herpes zoster
Dermatofibroma
Common Distribution: Anywhere
Usual Morphology: Firm red to brown nodule that shows dimpling of overlying skin with lateral compression
A 65-year-old patient presents with a rough, scaly, skin-colored lesion on their face that has developed after years of sun exposure. The lesion feels dry and adherent to touch. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Melanoma
b) Basal Cell Carcinoma
c) Actinic Keratosis
d) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Actinic Keratosis
Common Distribution: Sun-exposed areas
Usual Morphology: Skin-colored or red-brown macule or papule with dry, rough, adherent scale
A 55-year-old patient notices a pearly, raised bump with small blood vessels visible on the skin of their nose. They have a history of extensive sun exposure. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Actinic Keratosis
b) Basal Cell Carcinoma
c) Seborrheic Keratosis
d) Dermatofibroma
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Common Distribution: Face
Usual Morphology: Papule with pearly, telangiectatic border on sun-damaged skin
A 70-year-old patient presents with a non-healing, ulcerated lesion on their lower lip. The lesion is indurated and has crusting. They have a history of prolonged sun exposure. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Actinic Keratosis
b) Basal Cell Carcinoma
c) Squamous Cell Carcinoma
d) Cherry Angioma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Common Distribution: Face, especially lower lip, ears
Usual Morphology: Indurated and possibly hyperkeratotic lesions often showing ulceration and/or crusting
A 50-year-old patient presents with soft, fleshy growths on their neck and axilla. They are painless but have become bothersome due to clothing friction. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Urticaria
b) Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis
c) Xerosis
d) Acrochordons (Skin Tags)
Acrochordons (Skin Tags)
Common Distribution: Groin, axilla, neck
Usual Morphology: Fleshy papules
A 30-year-old patient complains of sudden onset raised, itchy welts on their arms and legs. These welts come and go within hours and are sometimes surrounded by redness. What is the likely diagnosis?
a) Xerosis
b) Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis
c) Urticaria
d) Acrochordons (Skin Tags)
Urticaria (Hives)
Common Distribution: Anywhere
Usual Morphology: Wheals, sometimes with surrounding flare; pruritus
A 60-year-old patient presents with red, itchy bumps on their chest and back. They have a history of sweating excessively and hot showers. The lesions appear erythematous and papular. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a) Xerosis
b) Acrochordons (Skin Tags)
c) Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis
d) Urticaria
Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis (Grover’s Disease)
Common Distribution: Trunk, especially anterior chest
Usual Morphology: Erythematous papules
A 45-year-old patient complains of itchy, dry, and scaly patches on their lower legs. The skin in these areas appears red and feels rough to the touch. What is the likely diagnosis?
a) Transient Acantholytic Dermatosis
b) Urticaria
c) Xerosis
d) Acrochordons (Skin Tags)
Xerosis (Dry Skin)
Common Distribution: Extensor extremities, especially legs
Usual Morphology: Dry, erythematous, scaling patches; pruritus
