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Neuro > Seizure drugs > Flashcards

Seizure drugs Flashcards

1
Q

first line treatment for general and partial seizures

A

valproate

carbamazepine

phenytoin

lamotrigine

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2
Q

MOA of Valproate

A

inactivates sodium channels

increases GABA by inhibiting GABA transaminase

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3
Q

Side effects of Valproate

A

Teratogenic

Alopecia

Tremor

Hepatotoxicity

GI distress

pancreatitis

neural tube defects

weight gain

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4
Q

MOA of Carbamazepine

A

blocks sodium channels

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5
Q

Side effects of Carbamazepine

A

Teratogen

Diplopia

hepatotoxicity

ataxia

agranulocytosis

induces CYP450

SIADH

Steven Johnson Syndrome

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6
Q

MOA of phenytoin

A

blocks sodium channels

zero-order kinetics

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7
Q

Side effects of phenytoin

A

Teratogen

P450 induction

hirsutism

gingival hyperplasia

nystagmus

steven johnson syndrome

drug-induced lupus

osteopathies

Megaloblastic anemia

diplopia

ataxia

peripheral neuropathy

DRESS

sedation

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8
Q

MOA of Lamotrigine

A

blocks voltage-gated sodium channels

inhibits release of glutamate

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9
Q

Side effect of Lamotrigine

A

Steven Johnson syndrome

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10
Q

Treatment for absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

Valproate

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11
Q

MOA of Ethosuximide

A

blocks T type Calcium channels in neurons of the thalamus

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12
Q

Side effects of Ethosuximide

A

fatigue

GI distress

HA

Itching

Steven Johnson Syndrome

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13
Q

Treatment for status epilepticus

A

Benzodiazepines

Phenytoin

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14
Q

MOA of Benzodiazepines

A

increases GABA action by increasing the opening frequency of chloride channels, causing hyperpolarization of the postsynaptic neuronal membranes and decreased neuronal excitability

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15
Q

Side effects of Benzodiazepines

A

blunt affect

hangover effect

motor incoordination and weakness

amnesia

tolerance/ dependence

paradoxical excitability

CNS depression

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16
Q

MOA of Phenobarbital

A

increases GABA action by increasing the affinity of the receptor for GABA and the duration of time that the chloride channel remains open

17
Q

Side effects pf Phenobarbital

A

sedation

tolerance/dependence

CYP450 induction

Cardiorespiratory suppression

18
Q

First line treatment for partial seizures

A

Carbamazepine

Lamotrigine

Levetiracetam

19
Q

side effects of Levetiracetam

A

personality changes

fatigue

drowsiness

HA

20
Q

Second line treatment of partial seizures

A

Gabapentin

21
Q

MOA of Gabapentin

A

inhibits T type calcium channels in thalamic neurons

22
Q

What do you use for neonatal seizures

A

phenobarbital

23
Q

Side effects of Gabapentin

A

dry mouth

somnolence

nausea

ataxia

24
Q

What do you use Vigabatrin for and what is its MOA

A

Refractory focal seizures

inhibits GABA transaminase to increase GABA

25
Q

Side effects of Vigabatrin

A

Irreversible vision loss

glaucoma

nephrolithiasis

weight loss

26
Q

MOA of Tiagabine

A

inhibits GABA reuptake

27
Q

Side effects of Tiagabine

A

GI upset

insomnia

drowsiness

weight changes

28
Q

What do you use topiramate for and what is its MOA

A

Focal seizures

blocks sodium channels and increases GABA

Neuro (13 decks)

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