sehs endocrine test

Question 1

define endocrine system

Answer 1

system made up of the body’s glands and hormones, regulates all biological processes in the body

Question 2

what does the endocrine system do

Answer 2

along with the nervous system, it regulates in the human body and controls the responses to physiological challenges through the release of hormones

Question 3

what is the difference between the endocrine system and the nervous system

Answer 3

• the endocrine uses hormones while nervous system uses electrical impulses
• the nervous system acts rapidly while endocrine acts slowly
• effects of nervous system are short term while endocrine effects are long term

Question 4

what are hormones?

Answer 4

chemicals that are released by the glands into the bloodstream

Question 5

what is another name for Adrenaline and Noradrenaline?

Answer 5

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Question 6

all you know about Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Answer 6

• released from the ADRENAL gland
• increases heart rate
• fight or flight
• dilate airways to the lungs
• increase blood flow to the heart
• increase blood levels of glucose and fatty acids

Question 7

all you know about Insulin and glucagon

Answer 7

• produced by the pancreas
• help regulate blood sugar concentration

Question 8

what is the difference between insulin and glucagon?

Answer 8

insulin lower blood glucose levels while glucagon raises blood glucose levels

Question 9

all you know about estrogen

Answer 9

• different name for oestrogen
• female sex hormone
• secreted by the ovaries
• promotes secondary sex characteristics (voice pitch, hair growth, breast development)
• lowers blood cholesterol

Question 10

all you know about progesterone

Answer 10

• female sex hormone
• secreted by the ovaries
• menstrual cycle (inner lining of the uterus)
• pregnancy

Question 11

difference and similarity between estrogen and progesterone

Answer 11

estrogen promotes breast development while progesterone doesnt

they are both female sex hormones that are secreted by the ovaries

Question 12

all you know about testosterone

Answer 12

• male sex hormone
• secreted by the testes
• crucial for the development of sperm
• development and maintenance of male secondary characteristics (body hair, deeper voice)
• aids in muscle growth and repair
• helps in production of erythropoietin

Question 13

what does erythropoietin do?

Answer 13

it ensures that the body has enough oxygen carrying red blood cells

Question 14

what types of hormones are there?

Answer 14

steroid and non-steroid

Question 15

what’s the difference between steroid and non-steroid hormones?

Answer 15

• steroid are fat-soluble while non-steroid are non fat-soluble

Question 16

name the three main sources of information that increase or decrease hormone secretion and what they do

Answer 16

Neural - info from the nervous system
Humoral - info about changes in the chemistry of the blood
Hormonal - info about changes in other hormone levels

Question 17

what do you know about the master gland

Answer 17

pituitary gland most important for maintaining homeostasis
hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland therefore it is the master gland
Releasr of growth hormone and oxytocin

Question 18

endocrine glands use positive/negative feedback loops

Answer 18

negative

Question 19

what is homeostasis?

Answer 19

process where the the body’s organ system, tissues and cells work to regulate the body’s internal environment

Question 20

Aykat pineal gland

Answer 20

Release of melatonin

Question 21

Aykat hypothalamus

Answer 21

Controls pituitary gland
Release of growth hormone
Control center

Question 22

Aukat kidneys

Answer 22

Mineral levels
Release of erythropoetin

Question 23

Aykat thyroid

Answer 23

Maintaining homeostasis temperature
Release of T3 and T4

Question 24

Aykat adrenal gland

Answer 24

Cortisol
Adrenaline and noradrenaline