Seed Dispersal And The Regeneration Niche

Question 1

5 steps required for a plant to achieve a reproductive fitness benefit

Answer 1

disperse
germinate
establish
grow
reproduce

Question 2

fitness of plant

Answer 2

ability to reproduce

Question 3

regeneration niche

Answer 3

conditions required for successful germination and establishment

Question 4

________ _______ often important in dtermining the ditribution of species

Answer 4

regeneration niche

Question 5

limiting factors of seedling establishment

Answer 5

resources
stress
disturbance
competition
herbivory
pathogens
mutualisms

Question 6

Adult vs. seedling regeneration niche

Answer 6

adults have a wider area of environments they can thrive in. Seedlings need very specific conditions

Question 7

seed shadow

Answer 7

overall dispersal pattern that considers distance and density

Question 8

most dispersals are _______

Answer 8

short distance

Question 9

dispersal mechanisms

Answer 9

none (underground flower)
gravity
projectile
wind
water
animal

Question 10

diaspore

Answer 10

unit of dispersal (seed, fruit, etc.)

Question 11

wind dispersal morphologies

Answer 11

parachutes
helicopters

Question 12

Animal dispersal

Answer 12

ingestion where seeds are eaten, carried in gut, then excreted.

Question 13

is animal dispersal considered a plant-animal mutualism?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

Dispersal by attachment morphologies

Answer 14

hooks
sticky fruit/seeds

Question 15

Which dispersal method goes the farthest?

Answer 15

animal dispersal

Question 16

______ predicts dispersal better than seed weight

Answer 16

height

Question 17

seed banks

Answer 17

dormant seeds in the soil

Question 18

aerial seed banks

Answer 18

seeds retained on mother plant long after maturity

Question 19

types of soil seedbanks

Answer 19

Type 1 - transient (seeds germinate very soon)
Type 2 - transient (seeds germinate following spring)
Type 3 - persistent (few seeds dormant for more than 1 year)
Type 4 - persistent (large population of dormant seeds

Question 20

seed longevity

Answer 20

species can be observed more than 30 years after being planted

Question 21

germination cues

Answer 21

light
moisture
smoke
temperature
digestion

Question 22

seed adaptations (germination depth)

Answer 22

awns will open based on humidity to push seed deeper into the ground

Question 23

seed adaptations (herbivory and pathogens)

Answer 23

seeds often contain secondary matabolites to limit herbivory and pathogen attack

Question 24

order of worst to best dispersal mechanisms

Answer 24

unassisted<ballistic<wind<animal