SEE Monitors

Question 1

CVP

Answer 1

Question 2

CVP 2

Answer 2

Question 3

What is the mechanical event of the A wave? Electrical event?

Answer 3

Mechanical - Right atrial contraction

Electrical - Just after the P wave, atrial depolarization

Question 4

What is the mechanical event of the C wave? Electrical event?

Answer 4

Mechanical - RV contraction

Electrical - Just after QRS (ventricular depolarization)

Question 5

What is the mechanical event of the X descent? Electrical event?

Answer 5

Mechanical - RA relaxation

Electrical - ST segment

Question 6

What is the mechanical event of the V wave? Electrical event?

Answer 6

Mechanical - Passive filling

Electrical - Just after the T wave (ventricular repolarization)

Question 7

What is the mechanical event of the Y descent? Electrical event?

Answer 7

Mechanical - RA empties through tricuspid valve

Electrical - After T wave

Question 8

Order of letters on CVP?

Answer 8

a
c
x
v
y

Question 9

Which factors decrease CVP?

Answer 9

Transducer above phlebostatic axis

Hypovolemia

(Everything else increases)

Question 10

Measurements of CVP

Answer 10

Question 11

What can cause a loss of the A wave on the cvp?

Answer 11

Afib

V pacing

Question 12

What can cause a large A wave on the CVP?

Answer 12

Tricuspid stenosis
Diastolic dysfunction
MI
COPD
V pacing
PVCs
Junctional

Question 13

What can cause a large V wave on CVP?

Answer 13

Tricuspid regurgitation

Acute increase in volume

RV papillary muscle ischemia

Question 14

Right atrial pressure on Swan

Answer 14

Question 15

Right ventricular pressure on Swan

Answer 15

Question 16

How does the waveform change when the PA is in the RV?

Answer 16

Systolic pressure increases

Diastolic is equal to CVP

Question 17

PA pressure on Swan

Answer 17

Question 18

How does the waveform change when the Swan is in the RV?

Answer 18

Systolic remains the same

Diastolic rises

Dicrotic notch is when pulmonic valve closes

Question 19

PAOP on swan

Answer 19

Question 20

How does waveform change during wedge pressure?

Answer 20

-Same as CVP waveform just now talking about the left atrium

Question 21

Where should the tip of the PA catheter be?

Answer 21

Zone 3

Question 22

How can you tell the tip is NOT Zone 3?

Answer 22

PAOP>PAEDP

Nonphaseic PAOP tracing

Inability to aspirate blood

Question 23

What valve disease causes PAOP to underestimate LVEDV?

Answer 23

Aortic regurgitation

Everything else overestimates

Question 24

What is the CO when the volume is too high and the solution is too cold?

Answer 24

Underestimates

Question 25

When is it unable to predict CO?

Answer 25

Shunt
Tricuspid regurgitation

Question 26

What does a 2nd degree heart block type 1 look like?

Answer 26

Longer longer then drop P wave

Wenckebach

Question 27

What does second degree type two look like?

Answer 27

Some P’s don’t get through

Question 28

Delta wave signifies what?

Answer 28

Wolff-Parkinson-White

Question 29

What is the more common reentry pathway?

Answer 29

Orthodromic

Signal passes through AV node first

Question 30

What is the less common and more dangerous reentry ?

Answer 30

Antidromic

Question 31

What is the treatment for antidromic pathway?

Answer 31

Cardioversion and procainamide

DO NOT GIVE DRUGS THAT INCREASE REFRACTORY PERIOD

Question 32

What happens when a magnet is placed over a pacemaker?

Answer 32

converts pacemaker to asynchronous mode

Question 33

What happens when a magnet is placed over an ICD?

Answer 33

suspends the ICD and prevents shock

Question 34

What happens when a magnet is placed over a pacemaker + ICD combo?

Answer 34

Suspends ICD but has NO effect on the pacemaker