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SEE review Horvath > SEE 5 > Flashcards

SEE 5 Flashcards

1
Q

___ LA’s are eliminated by plasma pseudocholinesterase except ___, which is eliminated hepatic

A

ester , cocaine

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2
Q

which LA class has greatest allergic potential

A

ester (from PABA)

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3
Q

____ is hydrolyzed much more slowly by plasma cholinesterase and is highly protein bound

A

tetracaine - therefore its the most toxic

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4
Q

what is the least potent ester

A

procaine

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5
Q

what is the max dose of cocaine

A

1.5mg/kg

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6
Q

____ LA’s are metabolized hepatic

A

amide

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7
Q

which LA causes etidocaine at a lower plasma concentration

A

etidocaine

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8
Q

what does EMLA cream contain

A

2.5 lido, 2.5 prilo

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9
Q

which LA may cause methemoglobinina

A

benzocaine

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10
Q

sensitivity testing:

A

SNO (sensitivity, negative, out)

SPI (Specificity, positive, in)

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11
Q

more soluble agents have a ____ inhalation induction

A

slower

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12
Q

less soluble agents have a ___ inhalation induction

A

faster

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13
Q

what do volatiles do to CBF and CMRO2

A

inc CBF, reduce CMRO2 (think they inc flow and reduce demand)

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14
Q

vapor pressure of a liquid is dec solely on

A

TEMP

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15
Q

which NMBs have histamine release

A

succs, miv, atra

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16
Q

roc & vec metabolism

A

primary biliary, secondary renal

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17
Q

brain uptake of anesthetics depends on what 4 things

A

blood solubility, CO, alveolar ventilation, inspired concentration

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18
Q

three ways to increase speed of equilibrium

A

inc inspired anesthetic concentration, second gas effect, inc alveolar ventilation

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19
Q

what are the two most important factors for increased alveolar partial pressure

A

inspired concentration and blood solubility

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20
Q

barbs are contraindicated in what two situations

A

status asthmatics and porphyria

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21
Q

how is propofol metabolized

A

liver 70%, lung 30%

22
Q

what does etomidate do neuro wise

A

dec CBF, ICP , CMRO2

23
Q

ketamine produces broncho_____

A

dilatoin

24
Q

rank the potencies of the opiates

A

sufent > remifent > fent > alfent > MSO4 > meperidine

25
Q

which NMB’s use hoffman elimination

A

cis and atra

26
Q

hoffman elimination is slowed by what two things

A

acidosis or dec temp

27
Q

4 MR’s that use renal excretion least

A

succs, atra, cis, miv

28
Q

3 NDMR’s not sifnificantly excreted renal

A

atra, cisatra, miv

29
Q

what augments NMB? ____mag, ____calc, ____kalemia, ___thermia

A

hypermag, hypocalc, hypokalemia, hyperthermia

30
Q

whats the earliest sign of MH

A

inc ETCO2

31
Q

whats the standard diagnostic test for MH

A

halothane-caffeine contracture test

32
Q

whats the dosing of dantrolene``

A

2.5mg/kg followed by 1-2mg/kg boluses to a max dose of 10mg/kg

33
Q

what is the cardinal sign of NMS

A

fever

34
Q

which 2 anticholinergics cross the BBB

A

atropine and scop

35
Q

which age group has the highest MAC

A

6mo-12mo

36
Q

factors that dec mac: age? temp? etoh? alpha2,

A

old, cold, acute etoh, depressants, alpha2’s like clonidine, dec levels of CNS neurotransmitters

37
Q

what does pregnancy do to MAC

A

dec

38
Q

what 3 factors increase MAC

A

hyperthermia, hypernatremia, inc levels of CNS neurotransmitters

39
Q

acceptable levels of N20 in the OR =

A

25ppm

40
Q

acceptable levels of N20 + volatiles?

A

0.5ppm

41
Q

acceptable level of volatile alone in the OR?

A

2ppm

42
Q

n20 is metabolized to N2 in the intestine by ____

A

reductive anaerobic metabolism

43
Q

what does n20 do to PVR

A

increases

44
Q

what does N20 do to CBF and CMRO2

A

increases

45
Q

what do volatiles do to the renal system

A

dec RBF, GFR, UO

46
Q

____ is most degraded by soda lime and ____ least

A

sevo , des

47
Q

whats the diff between competitive and non-competitive?

A

competitive can be overcome by increased concentrations of an agonist, while non-competitive cant be overcome by inc conc

48
Q

ASA, dilantin, are examples of ___ order kinetics

A

zero. constant AMOUNT of a drug over time

49
Q

first order kinetics : constant _____ eliminated per time

A

FRACTION

50
Q

T/F barbiturates, opioids, benzos, amides, TCAs, antihistamines are all metabolized by CYP450

A

true

SEE review Horvath (10 decks)

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