SEE 2

Question 1

whats the formula for ETT size child

Answer 1

[age/4] + 4 (uncuffed)

-0.5 cuffed

OR

[16+age] / 4

Question 2

what is the formula for ETT length child

Answer 2

12 + [age/2]

Question 3

what does the A wave represent on the CVP

Answer 3

atrial contraction

Question 4

what does the C wave represent on the CVP

Answer 4

ventricular contraction

Question 5

what does the v wave represent on the CVP

Answer 5

tricuspid closed, systolic atrial filling

Question 6

what does the x descent represent on the CVP

Answer 6

vent systole, atrial relax, displace tricuspid valve

Question 7

what does the y descent represent on the CVP

Answer 7

diastole, early vent filling, open tricuspid

Question 8

whats the equation for SV

Answer 8

CO/HR

Question 9

whats the equation for CI

Answer 9

CO/BSA

Question 10

whats the equation for SVR

Answer 10

80(MAP-CVP/CO)

Question 11

whats the equation for PVR

Answer 11

80(MPAP-PCWP/CO)

Question 12

whats the equation for MAP

Answer 12

DBP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP)

Question 13

concentric hypertrophy is a ___ problem, while eccentric is a ____ problem

Answer 13

pressure, volume

Question 14

describe the phases of the action potential?

Answer 14

phase 0: depolarization. Na influx.
phase 1: initial repolarization. K efflux and Cl- influx
phase 2: plateau. Ca influx
phase 3: repolarization. K efflux
phase 4: Na/K pump restores resting membrane potential

Question 15

stenosis - pressure overload – ____ hypertrophy

Answer 15

concentric (thick wall small chamber)

Question 16

regurg - volume overload – ____ hypertrophy

Answer 16

eccentric (thin wall large chamber)

Question 17

concentric hypertrophy = pressure problem = ___ size SV

Answer 17

same

Question 18

eccentric hypertrophy = volume problem = ____ SV

Answer 18

larger

Question 19

neonates have ___ lung compliance

Answer 19

decreased

Question 20

neonates have ___ chest wall compliance

Answer 20

increased (floppy ribs)

Question 21

neonates have ___ FRC

Answer 21

decreased, ~30ml/kg because MV is increased so O2 supply in the FRC is quickly exhausted during apnea

Question 22

auto regulation CPP = MAP ___ - ___

Answer 22

50-150

Question 23

auto regulation Coronary PP = MAP ___ - ___

Answer 23

60-160

Question 24

renal perfusion pressure = MAP ___ - ___

Answer 24

80-180

Question 25

the aortic arch has which receptor

Answer 25

arterial baroreceptor, vagus nerve afferent, stretch

Question 26

the carotid sinus has which receptor

Answer 26

arterial baroreceptor, glossopharyngeal (herrings) nerve afferent

Question 27

what does a U wave on ekg mean

Answer 27

dec K, inc Ca, quinidine, digitalis, epi, intracranial hemm, or pappilary muscle dysfunction