Sedimentary Rock (Topic 16)

Question 1

How did SEDIMENTARY ROCK get it’s name?

Answer 1

The latin word for SIT is “SEDERE”

Question 2

Name 3 different types of SEDIMENTARY ROCK, what are they?

Answer 2

1. SHALE2. SANDSTONE3. LIMESTONE

Question 3

What is SHALE?

Answer 3

SHALE is a kind of SEDIMENTARY ROCK made from CLAY / MUD

Question 4

What is SANDSTONE?

Answer 4

SANDSTONE is a kind of SEDIMENTARY ROCK made from SAND

Question 5

What is LIMESTONE?

Answer 5

LIMESTONE is a kind of SEDIMENTARY ROCK made fro shells, bones & tiny sea animals

Question 6

How is SEDIMENTARY ROCK formed?

Answer 6

SEDIMENTARY ROCK is formed when sediments are deposited in layers & harden

Question 7

What does the word DEPOSIT mean?

Answer 7

DEPOSIT: to drop in place

Question 8

What does the word SEDIMENT mean?

Answer 8

SEDIMENT: soil and pieces of broken rock deposited by river or wind

Question 9

What does the word COMPACT mean?

Answer 9

COMPACT: press together tightly

Question 10

SEDIMENTS are made of broken rock, how do these rock break down (2)

Answer 10

1. Chemicals in the air & water2. Plant roots grow in the cracks

Question 11

How do grains of rock [mud & sand] move? (2)

Answer 11

They are moved by wind & water

Question 12

Explain how a grain of sand would move from the mountain to the sea.

Answer 12

The grain of sand would be swept up by the wind in a dust storm. When the wind slows down the sand is DEPOSITED in low lying areas. (sandunes)The dust can also be deposited in river and be washed down to the river mouth, slowing down at high lying areas in the river bed. Sometime blocking the river mouth. SEDIMENTS block the river mouth.

Question 13

True or false:Water & wind deposit SEDIMENTS in the same places over & over again.

Answer 13

TRUE:New layers of SEDIMENTS are DEPOSITED on top of existing layers, these layers build up over millions of years.

Question 14

What do we mean when we say that the LAYERS OF SEDIMENT have become COMPACT?

Answer 14

the top layers of sediment are loose, but the weight of all the layers pushing down, COMPACT the lower layers of SEDIMENT.

Question 15

Uses for SEDIMENTARY ROCKS:what is LIMESTONE used for in everyday use?

Answer 15

LIMESTONE used to make CEMENTThey also add a small amount of CLAY

Question 16

Uses for SEDIMENTARY ROCKS:what is SANDSTONE & SHALE used for in everyday use?

Answer 16

SANDSTONE & SHALE used for BUILDING BLOCKS, in their natural form. (cut tiles, wall cladding)SHALE can be ground up to make clay and re-shaped into bricks. (paving)

Question 17

What is the main difference between SANDSTONE & SHALE?

Answer 17

Sandstone is made from sand and is layered & you can see the grains of sandShale is made from mud and the grains of mud are fine and can not bee seen

Question 18

How are SEDIMENTS formed?place in the correct order;A) layers of mud & sand build up on top of each otherB) sand & mud are washed or blown awayC) sediments are compact and become harderD) rock break into smaller piecesE) mud and sand are deposited when the river or wind stops or slows down

Answer 18

D) rock break into smaller piecesB) sand & mud are washed or blown awayE) mud and sand are deposited when the river or wind stops or slows downA) layers of mud & sand build up on top of each otherC) sediments are compact and become harder