Sedatives-Hypnotics and Anti-Anxiety Drug Therapy

Question 1

sedatives

Answer 1

reduce desire for physical activity and produce mental relaxation

Question 2

hypnotics

Answer 2

induce and maintain sleep

Question 3

categories of sedatives-hypnotics

Answer 3

barbiturates
nonbarbiturate
nonbenzodiazepines
benzodiazepines

Question 4

MOA of barbiturates

Answer 4

depress CNS, mimic GABA by increasing chloride influx causing hyperpolarization of nerve membranes, decreases reticular formation activity

Question 5

what do all barbiturates end in

Answer 5

obarbital

Question 6

pt teaching/SE of barbiturates

Answer 6

disrupt sleep/REM, nightmares after discontinue, dry mouth, lethargy, drowsiness, impaired judgment, caution w driving, monitor for addiction, avoid alcohol-increases effects

Question 7

MOA of nonbarbiturates

Answer 7

metabolized to trichloroethanal- similar to alcohol, used for peds sedation with tests

Question 8

pt teaching/SE for nonbarbiturates

Answer 8

SNS depression, gastric irritation

Question 9

MOA of nonbenzodiazepines

Answer 9

increase inhibitory effects of GABA

Question 10

pt teaching/SE of nonbenzodiazepines

Answer 10

HA, dizziness, GI upset, memory disturbance, confusion, monitor for tolerance, alcohol increases effects

Question 11

MOA of benzodiazepines

Answer 11

increases inhibitory activity of GABA, also used as antianxiety

Question 12

pt teaching/ SE of benzodiazepines

Answer 12

hangover, monitor for tolerance, drowsiness, HA, alcohol increases effect

Question 13

NT involved in anxiety

Answer 13

GABA, 5HT, DA, NE

Question 14

types of anxiolytics/anti-anxiety drugs

Answer 14

benzodiazepines
nonbenzodiazepines/azapirones
some antidepressants

Question 15

what do benzodiazepines end in

Answer 15

pam or lam

Question 16

MOA of azapirones (nonbenzodiazepine)

Answer 16

binds to 5HT, reduces levels of 5HT and level of anxiety