Sedative and hypnotic pharm Flashcards
Alprazolam
Benzodiazepine
(xanax)
Intermediate acting (8-15)
- anxiety
- contraindicated with ketoconzole and itraconazole = sig impair CYP3A
Midazolam
Benzo Short acting (1.5-3.5)
- sedation before med/surgical things
Diazepam
Benzo
Long acting (20-80)
(valium)
- ACTIVE METABOLITES (also have long 1/2 life)
- many uses!!
- even longer 1/2 life in liver damage patients!! (cumulative toxicity)
-contraindicated in myasthenia gravis, severe resp. insufficiency/ hepatic insufficiency
Oxazapam
Benzo Intermediate acting (5-15)
- anxiety/withdrawl
Triazolam
Benzo short acting (2-3)
- short term tx of insomnia
Chlordiazepoxide
Benzo
- anxiety/withdrawl
Flurazepam
Benzo
Long acting agent
insomnia (used short term 7-10 days)
Lorazepam
Benzo
Long acting
seizures / before med/surg tx
Flumazenil
Benzo Antagonist!
Used for reversal of Benzodiazepine overdose!
- can cause seizures
Buspirone
Misc.
Anxiety tx
- no sedation effects
effect takes a week to be established
Thiopental
Barbiturate
Ultra short acting
- IV only
- anesthesia! (short or induction)
Secobarbital
Barbiturate
Short acting
- Insomnia (short term use, loses effectiveness after 2 weeks)
Phenobarbital
Barbiturate
Long acting
used as sedative or hypnotic
- seizures
Zolpidem
Misc (sleep aid)
Insomnia
- Biphasic release (allows to fall asleep and stay asleep)
Zaleplon
Misc (sleep aid)
Interacts with GABA
Insomnia
