Sedation and premed Flashcards
Which opioid is the best sedative?
Butorphanol
How long does butorphanol last?
90 minutes
Does butorphanol have good analgesia?
No - minimal analgesia
Use for non-painful procedures (radiographs)
Is buprenorphine good for sedation? What about analgesia?
Not as good for sedation
Moderately good analgesia
How long does buprenorphine last?
6-8 hours (longest lasting opioid)
Onset 30 mins
Is methadone good for sedation? What about analgesia?
Good for both
What is methadones onset and duration?
Onset 15 mins
Lasts 4 hours
What effects does methadone have on heart rate and respiratory rate?
Causes heart rate to decrease - particularly under GA
May cause panting
Morphine isn’t often used in small animals. Why? And when may morphine be used?
Often causes vomiting and not licensed
Sometimes used in epidurals
Which opioid is not licensed in cats and dogs?
Morphine
Which group of sedatives give most reliable sedation?
Alpha 2 agonists
analgesia, muscle relaxation and consciousness
How long does medetomidine last? What is the onset?
10-20 mins
Lasts 60-90 mins
Acepromazine is a licensed sedative small animals. What is the major side effect of acepromazine? When might this be useful?
Vasodilation
Useful for long procedures, mitral valve disease, stressed/anxious patients
What is the major side effect of medetomidine?
Peripheral vasoconstriction - leads to reflex bradycardia
How does medetomidine affect respiration rate and tidal volume?
Causes decrease in RR
but increase in tidal value - minute ventilation maintained as normal
