secularisation

Question 1

Weber

Answer 1

the protestant reformation brought a new world view, seeing God as transcendent-existing beyond the world, although he created the world he did not intervene instead left it to run on its own.
Meant events were no longer explained by god but instead rationality(reason understanding laws of nature)
P.reformation began disenchantment. Allowing science to thrive gave humans more control on nature
c: there are still religious people in 21st-century religious fundamentalism is on the rise

Question 2

Bruce(USA)

Answer 2

the decline in church attendance, the survey found 40% said they went church, however, polls exaggerate attendance as its seen as socially desirable. The found level of attendance claimed was 83%higher. Emphasis on belief has declined

• religious has to become popular by becoming less religious instead of seeking salvation it seeks personal development
  c: links religiosity to church attendance(can be religious and not go)

Question 3

Parsons

Answer 3

Structural differentiation: lost many of its features now taken by state(major employer, law, education, welfare).
-Religion has become separate from wider society

Question 4

Berger

Answer 4

Sacred canopy-in middle ages catholic church held a monopoly-no competition, as a result, everyone lived under a single sacred canopy, giving greater plausibility because they had no challenges and churches word was unquestioned.
P.reformation changed it all as it resulted in a number of religious organizations to grow each with a diff version of truth church no longer held a monopoly
c: diversity can strengthen belief in own religion

Question 5

Wilson and Bruce

Answer 5

• move from pre-industrial to industrial has lead to a decline in community and religion.
• Wilson argues that pre-industrial society had shared values expressed through collective rituals
• but now it has lost its importance as religious diversity has undermined peoples views as they’re are alternative beliefs