Anti secularisation

Question 1

Davie

Answer 1

Religion isn’t declining instead is privatized, based on “believing w/o belonging. Holding beliefs yet no belonging to a religion. Move towards vicarious religion clergy worship on our behalf.
-A spiritual health service there for we we need it
C: church attendance and belief in god is low people are not belonging or believing

Question 2

Bruce

Answer 2

two trends that go against secularisation
Cultural defense- religion provides a focal point for the defense of e/m struggle against an external force
Cultural transition-idea that minority-ethnic groups could use religion to assist the process of immigration. When people came to a new country, with different beliefs and traditions, building religious communities helped to reduce the shock of the transition from one way of life to another.
C; changes view and argue diversity and choice stimulate interest in religion
-religious diversity will result in some abandoning beliefs

Question 3

Norris and Inglehart

Answer 3

religiosity varies from society.
Compares LEDCs to MEDCs, if existential security is high not religious as no risk
in LEDC existential security is low so religiosity is high as they turn to religion to provide security

Question 4

Lyon

Answer 4

Agrees with davies traditional religion is declining new religion is emerging replacing it. Now religion is becoming practiced online through media and is disembedded. Religion is becoming de-institutionalized
C: People whose religious online are already religious

Question 5

Helland

Answer 5

ADDS TO LYON: internet creates a range of opportunities that attract two kinds of internet activity

• religion online-religious orgs seek to use the internet to address members
• Online religion-form of cyber religion it mainly has n existence in outside world allows member to practice religion w/o going church

Question 6

Stark and Bainbridge

Answer 6

Secularisation only happening in Europe, since most countries have one dominant religion that claims there is no golden age of religion.

• people are naturally religious as it meets their needs
• provides us with compensators when real rewards are unobtainable promises us supernatural ones
  c: Unsociological claiming people are naturally religous

Question 7

hervieu leger

Answer 7

• secularisation is not happening but catholicism in France is declining due to cultural amnesia.
• Previously it was handed down by parents but now children are not being brought up in their culture instead letting them choose.
• Individual consumerism replaced collective tradition as children grow up they pick n mix becoming spiritual shoppers
  c: multi-faith society still has a dominant religion

Question 8

Heelas and Woodhead

Answer 8

spiritual revolution which is the process of which spirituality is growing and compensating for the decline in traditional religion.

• spirituality is connecting with inner self personal development(therapy)
• found that traditional religion is declining but people are still religious but found alternatives(spirituality)
  c: Wilson: search for mental and physical health improvement not because they are religious