secularisation Flashcards

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1
Q

what is wilsons’ definition of secularisation?

A

the process whereby religious thinking, practices and insitutions loose their significance

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2
Q

evidence of declining church membership

A

only 12% of the population go to church

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3
Q

evdience of low religious knoweldge

A

2011 cencus 70% knew little to nothing on easter story or life of jesus

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4
Q

what % of babies are now baptised

A

less than 25%

in 1950 60% were

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5
Q

what problems are there with using statistics?

A
  • high participation doesn’t mean strong belief ( alrdidge USA)
  • low participation doesn’t mean no believe (davie believing without belonging)
  • cencus could mean people say they are religious or are nto for social descirability reasons
  • difficult to interpret, practicing religion is subjective,
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6
Q

weber on seccularisation

A

protestant reformation in the 16th century brought about rationalisation and disenchantment

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7
Q

bruce on seccularisation

A

technological understadning of why things happen such as plane crashes being due to sceinfitic failures and having real explanations reduces the need for religion to provide reasoning and comfort

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8
Q

criticms of bruce’s technolgoical worldview

A

davies argued that the insequrity of teqnical worldviews is that the riskand uncertainty leads to a rise in fundametnalism as a source of comfort in a postmodern world

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9
Q

weber disenchantment and rationalisation

A

the protestant reformation led to rationsalisation due to the rise of haveing a non interventionist god. therefore religon was no longer used to explin why everything happens in society as ‘god plan’ but led to people having to find other more scientific explainations

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10
Q

criticm of weber

A

euro-centric view becuase protestantism is largely in more developed countreis.
coutries that largly beleive in interventoanist gods such as allah continue to remain relgious as they can get explainations for things from relgion

norris and englehart existential security theory

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11
Q

parsons structrual differentiation

A

religion is declining as other insitutions are being created that lead to the functions of relion not bieng neded anymore
for example the benefits system replaced the fianical support function of the church
food banks and free school meals
NHS

people no longer rely on religion due to development of welfare

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12
Q

criticsm of parsons stuctrual differentiation

A

noris and englehart exisitential security theory
religiosity is higher incountreis that dont have good welfare that ensure that people will be a bakle to eat or survie being ill

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13
Q

bergers plausability structure

A

argues that seccularisation has occured becuase globalisation and interconnectedness and religous education menas that not one religion cna hold a monopoly of the truth anymore as there are differing religos that tell differing sotries about why htings are how they are and how the world started ect.
less people can beleive them as they may not be true

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14
Q

criticsm of plausability

A

stark and abinbirdge argue that religious pluraism and many reliongs being avaible actually makes people more religous as they have alarger choice to choose from

similarly the competation mekes churches develop to appealto a wider audience in order to gain members ex televangelism

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15
Q

USA: against declining church attendance

A

hadaway:
church attendance in the USA is statistically at 40% however arguably this is an exageration due to the cultrue in america where it is socially desirable to go to churhc ane be religious in order to be a ‘good american’

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16
Q

hadaway study of san fran

A

found that church attendance was exaggerated by 101%

17
Q

criticsm of hadaway

A

bible belt satte ssucha s utah have a huglet religous and devoted community who usualy abstain from drinking ect

18
Q

USA: seccularisation from within

A

bruce argues that religious beleif in american has become ‘psycologised and more of a therapy to fit in with a seccular society
the purpose of religon is no longer for salvation but for self improvement

19
Q

USA argument against seccularisation from within

A

new chirstian right

20
Q

USA religoius diversity

A

in the USA there is a trend towards practical relativism which is an ecceptance thet people are allowed to and od have differnt views

lynd and lynd found in 1924 94% of churchgoing youth believed christianity was the only religion
but in 1977 on 44% agreed

21
Q

criticism of religous diversity

A

probably to increased religous socialsation and educationand globalsaition doens tmean those people dont all still beleive in chrsitianity