Section B Nov Mocks 2023

Question 1

Forestry Management

Answer 1

• forestry can be sustainable
• harvesting and then either planting more trees or using it

Question 2

Felling

Answer 2

A tree is “felled” when cut down:
- traditional method: axe and saw
- modern method: chainsaw and machinery that can fell a tree and cut it into equal length logs in one action

Question 3

Timber conversion

Answer 3

• felled trees are cut to manageable lengths to be converted into timber plank/boards
• timber is supplies in 2 main finishes: ROUGH SAWN or PAR

Question 4

Rough sawn vs PAR

Answer 4

• rough sawn timber used for exterior task
• PAR is smoother- all sides are planed down

Question 5

Green Timber

Answer 5

Newly felled unseasoned trees are known as “green”
- it is wet, 50% moisture
- diff for interior applications

EXTERIOR- 20% moisture
DOMESTIC FURNITURE- 10%

Question 6

Seasoning timber

Answer 6

• reduces its moisture content
  2 methods:
• air or kiln drying
• kiln drying is slower and used for furniture
• more expensive
• air drying is used for decking and fencing

Question 7

Faults

Answer 7

Occurs as timbers dry
- Splitting/Cracking
- Cup
- Twisting
- Bow

Question 8

Reducing faults

Answer 8

• faults makes timbers useless and increase wastage
• kiln drying, less chances of faults

Question 9

Sustainability

Answer 9

More exotic timbers like mahogany has created illegal logging trading

• it destroys areas of rainforest- deforestation, global warming
• FSC and PEFC- sustainable managed forests

Question 10

Surface treatments and finishes

Answer 10

-Wax
-Preservative
-Oil
-Pain
-Varnish
-Stain
Can be applied by brushing, rubbing or spraying

Question 11

Wood Preservative

Answer 11

• extends timber’s life

Question 12

Commercial Finishing

Answer 12

Patterns, logos etc. can be printed on surfaces
Curtain coater: smooth and even coating

Question 13

Environmental impacts of finishing

Answer 13

• oil products are long lasting finished but have VOCs- causes irritation etc.
• water based are kinder to environment

Question 14

Wood joints

Answer 14

• used where strong joins are needed
• dowelled joint: used to connect two pieces of wood by drilling dowel holes in each piece and using a wooden peg to attach them
• Temporary fixings will often be done using fastening components, such as screws or knock-down fittings

Question 15

Cutting

Answer 15

rip saw - for ‘ripping’ through and rough cutting thicker planks and boards

tenon saw - for cutting straight lines with accuracy

coping saws, jig saws and scroll saws - all for cutting thinner pieces of timber, and can cope with curves too (like copper jewellery)

Question 16

Drilling using jigs

Answer 16

• A jig is device used to hold a piece of material and guide cutting tools and they are used to ensure the process can be repeated accurately and to a high quality.

-Use of Formers and bending jigs to ensure accuracy, consistency for repetition and minimise waste