Section A - Weather Hazards

Question 1

Where is high pressure on the map

Answer 1

Tropic of Cancer

Arctic circle

Question 2

Where is low pressure on the map

Answer 2

Uk

Equator

Question 3

What is low pressure

Answer 3

Rising air that is usually full of moisture ; the air rises until it cools, condensed and releases its moisture

Question 4

What is high pressure

Answer 4

Descending air that is usually dry and lacks moisture ; the air doesn’t form clouds and so creates very hot day conditions and very cold night temperatures

Question 5

What does global atmospheric circulation cause

Answer 5

It causes area to have some types of weather more often than others - it affects the earths climate

Question 6

What are tropical storms

Answer 6

Intense low pressure weather systems with heavy gain and strong winds that spiral around the centre. Some examples are hurricanes, typhoons and cyclones

Question 7

What are some primary effects of typhoon Haiyan

Answer 7

Strong winds, heavy rain and storm surges
About 6300 people killed
600000 people displaced
4000 homes damaged or flattened
90% of tacloben city destroyed
Tacloben airport badly damaged
30000 fishing boats destroyed
Over 400mm of rain caused wind spread flooding
Strong winds damaged buildings, power lines and crops

Question 8

What are some secondary effects of typhoon haiyan?

Answer 8

14 million people affected
6 million people lost their source of income
Flooding caused landslides and blocked roads, cutting off aid
Power supplies cut off for a month in some areas
Ferry and flight services disrupted
Shortages of water, food and shelter affected many people leading to disease
Jobs lost, hospitals damaged,schools and shops destroyed
Looting and violence in tacloban

Question 9

What are some immediate responses of typhoon haiyan

Answer 9

Phillipines Red Cross delivered basic food aid
French, Belgian and Israel field hospitals set up
Uk government send shelter kits
Over 1200 evacuation centres were set up
Us aircraft carrier and helicopters assisted with search and rescue and delivery of aid

Question 10

What are some long term responses of typhoon haiyan?

Answer 10

Rebuilding of roads, bridges and airport facilities
Aid agencies such as oxfam supported the replacement of fishing boats
The un and countries including uk, Australia, Japan and the us donated financial aid, supplies and medical support
Thousands of homes have been built away from areas at risk of flooding
More cyclone shelters built to accommodate people evacuated from coastal areas

Question 11

Where do tropical storms occur

Answer 11

North and south of the equator between 5 and 30C

Question 12

What conditions are needed for a tropical storm

Answer 12

Low vertical wind shear
Warm waters
A lot of hear
Prevailing winds

Question 13

What are the 2 ways reducing the impact of tropical storms

Answer 13

Monitoring/prediction

Protection

Question 14

How can monitoring/prediction help to reduce the impact of a tropical storm

Answer 14

Thermal images to monitor sea and surface temperature
Satallite imagery to track the storm
Hurricane watch to monitor the perfect conditions
Hurricane warning - when a storm is forming or has formed

Question 15

How can protection help to reduce the impact of a tropical storm

Answer 15

Storm drains remove excess water very effectively and are only built in urban areas (cities)

Question 16

What is weather

Answer 16

The day to day conditions of the atmosphere e.g temperature, cloud cover, wind direction and strength

Question 17

What is the climate

Answer 17

The average weather over a long period of time, usually 30 years. The uk has a mild climate but can experience extreme weather events

Question 18

What are the main weather hazards in the uk

Answer 18

Thunderstorms 
Prolonged rainfalls 
Drought and high temperatures
Snowfall and cold temperatures 
Strong wind

Question 19

What does the north bring

The uk roundabout

Answer 19

Arctic maritime - Arctic air brings heavy snow and bitterly conditions

Question 20

What does the south bring

The uk roundabout

Answer 20

Tropical continental - Hot and sunny weather from the south can lead to heatwaves and drought

Question 21

What does the east bring

The uk roundabout

Answer 21

Arctic continental - Severe winter weather can come from the east

Question 22

What does the west bring

The uk roundabout

Answer 22

Tropical maritime - Storms from the Atlantic brings rain and strong winds

Question 23

What are uk weather hazards becoming more extreme?

Answer 23

Since the year 2000, extreme weather in the uk has become more frequent then before. This means it’s more extreme because we are expedient these event in a more regular basis

Question 24

What years in 2000 did floods happen

Answer 24

2007
2008
2009
2013/2014 - Somerset level floods
2015/2016

Question 25

What years in 2000 did heatwaves happen

Answer 25

2003 - temperature 38.5C and 2000 people died

2018

Question 26

What years in 2000 did snowfall happen

Answer 26

2009 - southern England and 20cm of snow
2010 - temperature -18.7C
2018
Thank

Question 27

How does a tropical storm form

Answer 27

The warm ocean heats the air above
Rising warm air evaporated and starts to spin
The aid then then cools and condenses to form a towering comulonimbus cloud
Intense low pressure sucks in air causing very strong winds
Once the storm moves over land it starts to lose energy and fade

Question 28

What caused the Somerset floods

Answer 28

350mm of rain fell in January and February, about 100mm above average
High tides and storm stories swept water up the river from the British channel. This prevented fresh water reaching the sea and it spilled over the river banks
Rivers had not been dredged for at least 20yrs and has become clogged with sediment

Question 29

What were the social impacts of the flood

Answer 29

• 600 house flooded
• 16 farms evacuated
• Power supplies cut off
• residents evacuated to temporary accommodation for several months

Question 30

What were the economic aspects of the Somerset floods

Answer 30

• Over 1000 livestock evacuated
• local roads cut off by floods
• Bristol to Taunton railway line closed at bridge water
• Somerset county council estimated the flood damage to be more than 10 million

Question 31

What were the environmental impacts of the Somerset floods

Answer 31

• a huge amount of debris has to be cleaned

* floodwaters were having contaminated with sewage and other pollutants including oil and chemicals

Question 32

What were the immediate responses of the Somerset floods

Answer 32

• villagers used notes to go shopping or attend school

* local community groups and volunteers gave invaluable support

Question 33

What were the long term responses to the Somerset floods

Answer 33

• a 20million flood action has been launched by Somerset county council who will work together with agencies to reduce the risk of future flooding
• in March 2014, 8km of the Rivers Tone and parratt were dredged to increase the capacity of the river channel
• road levels have been raised
• communities will have flood defences
• river banks are being raised and strengthened
• more pumping stations will be built