Section 8.1: Rights And Responsibilities Flashcards
0
Q
Golden rule
A
Do to others what you would have them done to you
1
Q
Parable of the sheep and the goats
A
- goats bad people
- ignored people less fortunate than themselves
- cursed with eternal hell fire
- sheep good people
- helped the poor
- fed the hungry
- invited a stranger in
- quenched the thirsty
- clothed the unclothed
- looked after the sick
- visited those in prison
- rewarded with eternal life
2
Q
Main teaching of the Parable of the Good Samaritan
A
To be charitable to those who are in need and good things will eventually come ‘love your neighbour’
3
Q
Why Christians should ONLY use the Bible
A
- fundamentalist Christians believe that the Bible is the literal word of God: 4 Gospels tell same stories in different styles, want to revert back to basics of Christian religion
- contains rules accepted in society and all cultures today ie Decalogue eg ‘thou shalt not murder’
- teachings of jesus what he would do in moral situations ie feeding of the 5000, preventing hunger golden rule
- not influenced by present culture/society but still contains evidence that is relevant even today eg decalogue and homosexuality condemned by god
4
Q
Why Christians shouldn’t ONLY use the Bible
A
- liberal christians believe that even being inspired by God, bible still written by humans and therefore needs to be seen in context of history (WOM) virgin translated incorrectly etc
- appear to contradictions in bible that seem immoral in todays age such as genocide, slavery, rape (joshua 6), evidence that bible is more indicative to the history and time it was written in
- other moral authorities should be used like church, pope, human rights, conscience, situation ethics
- does not contain info about all moral issues in a technological age eg cyber bullying, nuclear war, abortion
5
Q
2 mark question is a
A
A question
Definition
No opinion
6
Q
4 mark question is a
A
B question Opinion 1 for, reason 1 against, reason Never say yes/no
7
Q
6 mark question is a
A
C question
No opinion
4 points
4 references to question
8
Q
8 mark question is a
A
Opinion
3 marks agree
3 marks disagree
Never say yes/no
9
Q
(C) why would Christians say that the Bible is all they need to make moral decisions
A
-at beginning of each para refer to Q
-10 commandments basic idea how
society should be run, abide by rules loyal christians receive gods blessing
-even being ancient, easily translated into modern day and age, sheep and goats parable how to be a good samaritan
-the Bible relates to Jesus good deeds so leading your life by the statement of belief ‘What would jesus do?’ Urges you to move in the right direction so you are granted gods blessing
-in the bible 2 timothy3:16-17 he states ‘all scripture is given by inspiration of God’ gods teachings are throughout bible therefore following gods desires gives grant to go to heaven
10
Q
Reasons why Christians should use church teachings
A
- bible teaches that church is the body of christ on earth, church reinforces gods message through actions and teachings eg at mass receive body of christ
- authority to teach was given to the apostles by jesus and this authority has been passed down through the leaders of the church. Each religion has a hierarchy with a figure of authority at the top eg the pope for roman catholic church who has been training and has studied the bible teachings
- christ is called the head of the church in NT so church teachings come from jesus. Masses use readings from bible to retell jesus message through a sermon making it relevant to modern day life
- the holy spirit is present in the church today so can guide leaders in the way that God would desire on modern day issues as not covered in the bible
11
Q
Why should christians not use church teachings as the only source of moral authority
A
- WOM can alter some teachings accidentally
- translations could have been misinterpreted ie virgin mary
- a priest may give their own opinion on a matter which could influence other peoples views
12
Q
How would christians use the church teachings as a source of moral guidance?
A
- bible has authority in their lives, also look to church for help and advice when making moral decisions, especially modern day dilemmas
- priest or vicar for advice, will know official teachings of church and long time studying bible, have been given authority by god to speak on his behalf
- in RCC the magisterium offer moral guidance on moral dilemmas ie contraception, these teachings are published as part of the catechism or the encyclicals
- in COE the archbishop of Canterbury and general synod make decisions as part of a general assembly. Eg 2008 homosexual clergy and female bishops. These teachings are cascaded down to members of the COE to help them when making moral decisions
13
Q
Why christians should use the conscience
A
- inner feeling of what is right and wrong, instinct, ‘moral compass, our conscience is given by god
- church teaching RCC, put conscience before everything else including bible, catechism states ‘present at the heart of the person, enjoins him at the appropriate moment to so good and to avoid evil’
- joseph butler ‘its a natural guide’, if everyone followed their conscience there would be no problems in the world, our conscience is given to us by god, god governs the world thr4 should follow
- helps christians what to do in specific circumstances, bonhoeffer was a pacifist who believed in non-violence, involved in an attempt to assassinate hitler, had to break what he believed in for the benefit of the world
14
Q
Why christians shouldn’t use their conscience
A
- could be biased towards personal preferences (to benefit your life), could claim deed was led by conscience, Aquinas says ‘curb self-interest’
- not be used alone as may have been misunderstood, lead to wrong thing from misinterpretation, no real proof that it exists, should look at bible
- freud says conscience is not from god but our environment (nurture), he says it is a guilt or memory of us being told not to do something when we were younger
- the conscience may be mistaken like by peter sutcliffe who believed he heard gods voice to rid the streets of prostitutes ie kill them, could be a feeling or just a desire
15
Q
Why christians are for situation ethics
A
- jesus teachings, golden rule, cannot judge a human if you have sinned yourself, therefore noone can judge as everyone has sinned
- jesus is a role model for this approach, in bible woman accused of adultery, wasnt stoned but forgiven
- base it on well-being of others, golden rule, unconditional love, do the most loving thing
- pragmatic, fletcher ‘the morality of an action depends on the situation’, what is the best outcome
16
Q
Why christians are against situation ethics
A
- goes against fundamental commandments in the bible, moral absolutes are sometimes broken ie abortion
- st pauls says humans are likely to be selfish and sinful if they try to decide themselves, aquainas believes its to curb self interest, idealistic
- may lead to selfish acts, most loving decision nay lead to unfortunate outcomes in the ling term
- the idea of live could be ‘subjective’ people have conflicting views on what is the most loving thing to do, difficult to predict consequences
17
Q
Why christians use a variety of sources when solving moral dilemmas
A
- as they are rarely simple, some ethical issues so complicated a number of approaches are needed, bonhoeffer followed biblical teachings of agape and pacifism but in extreme situation turned to conscience and planned to assassinate hitler
- god speaks through all different sources of moral authority, should consult all or some moral authorities to gain a wider perspective of what to do and where to seek gods guidance in the most accessible form (ie if bible is not at hand)
- although bible word of god, doesnt include modern day ethical problems, therefore other sources such as church teachings must be addressed
- disadvantages of using just one source, eg just situation ethics could lead to immoral acts interpreting it as the most loving thing to do, joseph feltcher suggest bombing of hiroshima was the most loving thing to do although to some the amount of suffering could never have been the most loving thing
18
Q
Why the bible doesnt provide all the advice a christian needs
A
- doesnt contain specific teachings on moral dilemmas such as abortion
- the bible is aimed at the majority, however every persons issues are different and require specific attention, situation ethics and other sources of christianity may benefit this complex age
- other sources like church teachings and advice from your priest or vicar are more personal and grant you a much wider perspective into making the most moral decision
19
Q
Why the bible provides all the advice a christian needs
A
- bible is word of god, would give all advice, whether its not specific, to make the most moral decision
- parables in bible can be translated into modern day life on how to be a good samaritan guiding christians how to make the most moral decisions
- using other methods like your conscience could be dangerous or selfish as they could interpreted to benefit oneself, the bible encourages one to make the most selfless but beneficial decisons
20
Q
Why are human rights important for christians
A
- every human is created by god, all equal in his eyes, to treat someone well is respecting god, genesis 1:27, ‘god does not tolerate a relationship with himself that excludes your neighbour’
- teachings in bible uphold human rights, golden rule, 10 commandments, genesis 3.20, we are all related, isaiah 1:17, parable of good samaritan
- teaching of the church uphold human rights, pope john XXIII says ‘each individual is truly a person, with a nature that is endowed with intelligence and free will, and rights and duties…these rights and duties are universal and inviolable’
- jesus is a role model for the protection of human rights, luke 10:25 - 37), the way people act towards fellow humans is what matters most, jesus treats lepers prostitutes tax collectors all equally
21
Q
(B) do you think humans should be cloned
A
No
- extremely dangerous process, one animal success dolly the sheep, the cloned human is likely to be born (if at all) with disabilities both physically and mentally with a shorter life span, serious risk of bacterial and viral infections during and after the birth
- if successful could start a practice of it, building armies from the strongest man, building workers just to follow commands
22
Q
Why christians are for genetic engineering
A
- genesis 1:28, acceptable only if doesnt cause harm to anyone/thing ie increase crop yield to prevent starvation
- golden rule, accepted when curing diseases/disorders
- jesus healed so should we, good stewardship to follow the examples of jesus, attend to peoples physical needs
- god has given us the gift of knowledge, use to cure disease, create cells working with god
23
Q
Why christians are against genetic engineering
A
- playing god - psalm139, imago dei not in the image if scientists
- sanctity of life/life begins at conception, ending a life after experimenting on an innocent being, making lives more important than others ‘thou shalt not murder’
- ecclesiastes 7:13, we use this life for preparation for heaven, sin as little as possible
- made in gods image (imago dei), god created genetic makeup for each individual, dont interfere with gods creations, wrong to try and makr the earth perfect, dont try to make heaven in earth
24
Q
4 reasons to use bible as only source of moral guidance
A
- the word of god
- leaders of the early church
- laws of god
- teachings of jesus
25
Q
Ten commandments is in
A
Exodus 20
26
Q
The parable of the good samaritan
A
Luke 10:25
27
Q
The parable of the sheep and the goats is in
A
Matthew 11
