Section 6

Question 1

Who ruled the Mughal Empire?

Answer 1

In the 16th century the Mughal Empire was ruled by Akbar the Great
he extended his empire to include over 100 million people

Question 2

What did the Mughals believe?

Answer 2

Akbar the Great was a Muslim but most people in his Empire were Hindus and Sikhs Akbar tolerated other religions and encouraged discussions between them.

Question 3

How did the Mughals make a living

Answer 3

Most Indians were peasant farmers as most of India had very fertile land
However, many peasants lived in poverty as they had to give a third of their crops to the emperor each year as taxes

Question 4

How did wealthy Mughals make a living?

Answer 4

Wealthy Mughals could afford luxury goods such as spices, cotton cloth ,jewels, and perfumes
The Mughals traded with Portuguese merchants who sailed from Europe

Question 5

What motivated journey’s to the East: wealth

Answer 5

The increased wealth of the gentry created a demand for luxury goods such as spices, cotton cloth, jewels, and perfumes

Question 6

Motivation of journey’s to the East: Spain

Answer 6

Although Portuguese merchants imported luxury goods from India, Portugal was invaded by Spain 1580

Question 7

Motivation of journey’s to the East: Royal Support

Answer 7

Elizabeth supported trade with the East by writing letters to be carried to the Mughal Emperor

Question 8

Ralph Fitch’s expedition

Answer 8

In the 1580s, Ralph Fitch travelled to India by land and saw the wealth of the Mughal Empire

Question 9

Dutch Success in the East

Answer 9

In 1599, a Dutch fleet returned to the Netherlands with hundreds of tons of spices

Question 10

The East India Company

Answer 10

In 1600, a group of merchants set up a company to trade with India- the east India company

Question 11

The first voyage to the East

Answer 11

In 1602, the East India Company successfully set up a factory- or trading post- on the island of Java and brought back spices and other goods

Question 12

What did English adventurers achieve?

Answer 12

Trade brought new goods, such as spices and cotton
The English gained valuable knowledge of India
The East India company became the most powerful company in the world by 1800, controlling half of all the world and eventually ruiling most of India

Question 13

Establishing Roanoke:wealth

Answer 13

Raleigh hoped to find gold and silver in North America - bringing him and his country great wealth
Knew there was gold and silver mines in central and north America which brought immense amounts of wealth to Spain

Question 14

Establishing Roanoke:Elizabeth

Answer 14

Raleigh hoped that his new colony would earn him patronage from Elizabeth

Question 15

Establishing Roanoke:Royal Support

Answer 15

Elizabeth gave Walter Raleigh to take land in North America

Question 16

What happened at Roanoke?

Answer 16

In 1587, 117 English settlers arrived on Roanoke Island nut they had lost most of their supplies
The settlers relied on the local Algonquian village of Secotan, led by Chief Wingina
At first relations between the English and the Algonquian were good
However Wingina decided to attack the settlers
other Algonquian collabarated with the settler: Manteo taught the English Algonquian and helped them ambush and kill Wingina
Some settlers returned to Britain for more supplies, However, when boats returned with supplies in 1590, the colony was deserted

Question 17

Why did the colony in Roanoke fail?

Answer 17

The settlers lost their supplies and seeds on the journey
The settlers had a poor relationship with the Algonquian
Boats bringing new supplies were delayed by the Spanish Armada

Question 18

What did the English adventurers achieve?

Answer 18

The adventurers brought back new products such as potatoes and tobacco
The English gained valuable knowledge, allowing future colonies- such as Jamestown- to suceed

Question 19

The Algonquian

Answer 19

They were one of the largest Native American people

Question 20

Who ruled the Algonquian?

Answer 20

They were all united by a common language
Each village was ruled over by a different chief Wingina was the chief of the Algonquian village called Secotan

Question 21

How did the Algonquin make a living?

Answer 21

Everyone worked hard to produce food and there was plenty to go around:
women and girls grew crops such as sweetcorn, beans and squash
Boys and men hunted and fished
Villagers traded with other villages for goods such as copper and pearls

Question 22

What did the Algonquian believe?

Answer 22

The Algonquian did not believe in individual gods, but instead that a Great Spirit inhabited rhe entire universe
The Algonquian celebrated the changing of the seasons with festivals tha reflected their reliance on the natural world