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Elizabethan Period > Section 1 > Flashcards

Section 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the Head of the Catholic Church

A

The Pope

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2
Q

Head of the Protestant Church

A

The Monarch

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3
Q

Head of Puritan Church

A

No Head of Church

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4
Q

Who should run the Catholic church

A

Bishops and Archbishops

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5
Q

Who should run the Protestant Church

A

Archbishops and Bishops

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6
Q

Who should run Puritan Church

A

Elected committees

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7
Q

Language of the Bible:Catholics

A

Latin

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8
Q

Language of the Bible:Protestants

A

English

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9
Q

Language of Bible:Puritans

A

English

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10
Q

Decoration of Churches:Catholics

A

Highly decorated
Gold ornaments
Stained glass windows
Statues of saints

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11
Q

Decoration of Protestant Churches

A

Simple
No statues of saints as its immoral

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12
Q

Decoration of Puritan Churches

A

Plain Churches that were focused on prayer

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13
Q

Should Priests wear vestments?

A

Catholic- Yes, they would be very colourful with stiching
Protestant- Would wear simple clothing
Puritan-Simple clothing

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14
Q

What got you into heaven?

A

Catholics-Good work
Protestant and Puritan-Belief in God

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15
Q

Religious division in England

A

England was divided by religion: Elizabeth was Protestant but disliked the extremism of Puritans
Most English people- especially the poor who lived in rural areas like the North and West were very Catholic-possible rebellion if Elizabeth banned Catholic beliefs
Protestants and Puritans in powerful positions like MPs and privy councillors-put pressure on Elizabeth to make England more protestant

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16
Q

Religious divide in Europe

A

Spain and France were strongly Catholic and threatened invasion if Elizabeth didn’t convert to Catholicism
Spain and France were the two European superpowers
Protestants in The Netherlands needed support off Elizabeth

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17
Q

Religious Settlement

A

As Queen, Elizabeth had to decide which laws the English and to follow
1559-Settlement had both Protestant and Catholic features
Religious Settlement was known as the Middle way. Everyone was expected to attend Church every Sunday
Those who didn’t were fined- recusants

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18
Q

Enforcement of Religious Settlement

A

Limited opposition before 1580
Most Catholics had loyalty to the Pope but attended Protestant Church services: Church papists
Elizabeth was tolerant of Catholics

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19
Q

Threat from Catholics 1580-

A

The Pope stated that it would not be a sin to kill Elizabeth, therefore threat of assassination increased
Catholics began to plot to make Mary Queen of Scots Queen
Philip of Spain planned an invasion of England

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20
Q

Elizabeth’s response to Catholic opposition

A

Fine for recusancy increased by 10,000% to £20 (1581)
Death penalty for anyone sheltering a Catholic priest (1585)
Catholics were banned from travelling more than 5 miles from their home (1593)

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21
Q

Catholic resistance

A

Opposition continued after Elizabethan era- Gunpowder plot 1605
Attempted assassination of James I

22
Q

Elizabeth I background

A

Elizabeth was part of the Tudor Family
Henry VIII:Father Henry VII- Grandfather
Younger brother and sister ruled as monarchs but neither had a heir
Elizabeth took the throne after Marys death in 1558
Some believe Elizabeth had an illegitimate claim to the throne
Mother was Anne Boleyn- Henry VIII second wife
Gender caused issues
16th century was a patriarchal society
Belief that female monarchs could not lead armies and would do whatever their husbands asked

23
Q

Debt

A

Inherited a debt of £300,000
Raised taxes in order ton pay off debt
Needed to take out new loans to raise an army and navy

24
Q

Religious belief in Tudor England

A

In the Reformation, protestants challenged old Catholic beliefs
Puritans were extreme Protestants who wanted to take the Reformation even further

25
Q

Problems Elizabeth faced

A

Religious divisions
Patriarchal society- her gender
Invasions
Opposition

26
Q

Number of Catholics

A

3 million Catholics in England by 1588
By 1603 there was 40,000

27
Q

Babington Plot

A

Plan to assassinate Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne
Long term plan was for Spain to invade England
Plot was discovered by Elizabeth’s spy master Sir Francis Walsingham
Anthony Babington was a young recusant
Secret letters discovered between Mary and Babington- enough evidence to execute Mary

28
Q

Throckmorton Plot

A

Planned to free Mary and out her on the throne instead
Plan for France to invade England
Paid for by Pope and King Philip II of Spain

29
Q

Ridolfi Plot

A

Robert Ridolfi attempted to arrange a marriage between Mary and the Duke of Norfolk- a Catholic noble who was Elizabeth’s cousin
Help from Spain in hope to overthrow Elizabeth and return England back to Catholicism
Plot led to the execution of the Duke of Norfolk

30
Q

Elizabeth’s response to Throckmorton Plot

A

Throckmorton was executed and Mary was moved to Tutbury Castle were she was not allowed any visitors

31
Q

Response to Babington Plot

A

Execution of Mary, Babington and six other plotters

32
Q

Response to Ridolfi Plot

A

Ridolfi and Spanish ambassador were arrested and expelled from the country
Duke of Norfolk executed

33
Q

Regional problems

A

The further away from London an area was the more likely it was to be rebellious
North East was very Catholic and did not welcome a Protestant Queen
North East- history of rebellion (regional rebellion when Henry closed monasteries 1536)

34
Q

Problems with gender

A

Other powerful countries would try and exploit the situation of Elizabeth being unmarried
Believed a woman could not physically lead an army into battle
Had her authority questioned

35
Q

Problems of poverty

A

Poverty and been growing in England throughout the 16th century
Asked Elizabeth for answers to prevent it- out of her control
Harvest failures
If poor became unhappy then higher chance of rebellion and disruption

36
Q

Problems with religion:Catholics

A

The Pope had huge wealth and was leader of Catholic faith
Spain and France were richest countries in the world-Catholic
Did not like the idea of a Protestant country nearby
Most of world’s superpowers were Catholic

37
Q

Differences between Catholics and Protestants

A

Both are Christian
Both believe in Jesus being the son of God
Same God
Protestantism started as a protest against some methods of the Catholic Church

38
Q

Catholic

A

Christians who follow the leadership of the Pope
Believe in the Eucharist (bread and wine)

39
Q

Protestant

A

A group who split from the Catholic Church in protest
Faith should be more simple
Believe in the eucharist

40
Q

Puritan

A

A very strict kind of Protestant
Believe there should be a more pure version of religious worship

41
Q

Papacy

A

The office of the Pope and his authority

42
Q

Act of Uniformity 1559

A

All worship should be the same
Attend Church
Follow Book of Common prayer in English
Had to pay a fine if not attended

43
Q

Act of Supremacy 1559

A

Elizabeth was the supreme governor of the Church of England
House of Lords didn’t want her to be called the supreme head because of her gender- Her father was allowed the title

44
Q

Act of Persuasion 1581

A

Passed by parliament- those who didn’t attend church would be fined
Raised to £20
Those who didn’t pay could be jailed for 3 months
Only wealthy Catholics could afford the fine

45
Q

Symbols of Elizabeth’s strength in portraits

A

Tudor rose and crowns to represent Elizabeth’s rightful rule
White clothing and pearls- purity
Thornless rose- strength
Ermine (animal that Tudors believed would commit to death rather than dirty their people) showed self sacrifice
Globe and fan with exotic feathers would represent England’s power overseas.

46
Q

Recusants

A

Refused to attend Elizabeth’s Church services
Had to pay fines

47
Q

1587 Recusants Act

A

2/3 of land owned by recusants was taken
Poorer Catholics suffered more
Rich Catholics forced into debt

48
Q

Book of Common Prayer

A

Required to be used in all English churches
Some changes made to apply to traditionalistic religionists

49
Q

What year did Elizabeth become Queen?

A

1558

50
Q

Rebellion of Northern Earls 1569

A

Catholic Earls in Northumberland plotted to put Mary on the throne
Gathered an army of 6000 soldiers in attempt to return England to Catholicism

Elizabethan Period (6 decks)

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