Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AQA A-level Physics > Section 4.1 - Mechanics > Flashcards

Section 4.1 - Mechanics Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Physics 101 flashcards AP® Physics flashcards
1
Q

Define vector

A

A quantity with both magnitude and direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define scalar

A

A quantitiy that has no direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are 5 examples of a Scalar?

A

Distance,Density, Temperature,Energy,Speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are 5 examples of a vector quantity?

A

Force,Displacement,Acceleration,Velocity,
Momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define displacment

A

Distance in a given direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Define Velocity

A
  • Speed in a given direction
  • rate of change of displacement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define acceleration

A

Rate of change of velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is it called when the resultant of all the forces on an object equals 0?

A

Equillibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define a moment

A

The force * perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the pivot point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the principle of moments?

A

The sum of the clockwise moments is equal to the sum of the anti-clockwise moments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define centre of mass

A

The point through which a single force on the body has no turning effect.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the moment of a couple?

A

Moment of a couple = Force * Perpendicular distance between the lines of action of forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What must be true for two forces to be considered a couple?

A
  • Acting around a pivot
  • Equal and opposite forces but not along the same line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is stable equilibrium?

A

If a body in stable equillibrium is displaced then released it will return to its equilibrium position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is unstable equilibrium?

A

When a body in unstable equilibrium is displaced it will not return to its equilibrium postion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the gradient of a displacement/ time graph?

A

Velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does a x vs t graph look like at consant velocity

A

Linear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the gradient of a velocity / time graph

A

Acceleration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the formula for constant acceleration

A

a = v - u
—–
t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the SUVAT equations?

A

V = u +at
S = ut + 0.5 *at²
S = vt - 0.5 *at²
V² = u² + 2as
S= 0.5(u+v)t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the area under a V/t graph

A

Displacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the area under an a/t graph?

A

velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Define free fall

A

An object that is accelerating due to gravity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is terminal velocity?

A

Terminal speed occurs where the frictional forces acting on an object and driving forces are equal, therefore there is no resultant force and so no acceleration so the object travels at a constant speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How does air resistance affect projectile motion?

A

Greatest hieght and distance are both reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is newtons 1st law?

A

An object will remain at rest or constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is newtons 2nd law?

A

The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force experienced by the object

28
Q

What is newtons 3rd law?

A

Every action has an equal and opposite action that is :
* equal in magnitude
* the same type of force
* in the opposite direction
* acting on a diffent object

29
Q

What is a free body diagram?

A

a diagram which shows all the forces that act on an object

30
Q

What is stopping distance?

A

Thinking distance + braking distance

31
Q

What is braking distance?

A

The distance travelled by a car from the moment the brakes are applied

32
Q

What is thinking distance?

A

The distance travelled in the time it takes the driver to react

33
Q

What is momentum?

A

p = mass * velocity

34
Q

What is the unit for momentum?

A

kgm(s^-1)

35
Q

Extended version of newtons second law?

A

Force is proportoinal to the rate of change of momentum

36
Q

What is impulse?

A

Ft = Δ(mv)

37
Q

What is the area under a force time graph?

A

The impulse

38
Q

What is the change of momemntum when an object rebounds normally?

A

-2mu

39
Q

What is the change of momentum when an object does not rebound normally?

A

-2mu.cosθ

40
Q

What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

A

total momentum remains constant provided no external reultant force acts on the system

41
Q

What is the equation for the force on object A in terms of mass and velocities?

A

F = (mₐuₐ - mₐvₐ)/t

42
Q

What is the equation for the forces on two objects colliding?

A

Fₐ = -Fᵦ

43
Q

What is the eqaution for total final momentum?

A

mₐvₐ+mᵦvᵦ =mₐuₐ + mᵦuᵦ

44
Q

What is the velocity of the two objetcts if they stick together?

A

They have the same velocity

45
Q

What is an elastic collison?

A
  • A collision in which there is no loss of kinetic energy.
  • Energy and momentum is conserved
46
Q

What is an inelastic collision?

A
  • The colliding objects have less kinetic energy after the collision than before
  • Only momentum is conserved
47
Q

Is an explosion an elastic or inelastic collision?

A

inelastic

48
Q

List 4 stores of energy

A
  • GPE
  • Kinetic
  • thermal
  • Elastic
49
Q

List 3 ways of tranfering energy

A
  • Radiaiton
  • Electrically
  • mechanically
50
Q

What is a joule?

A

The energy needed to raise 1N through a vertical height of 1m

51
Q

What is the principle of conservation of energy?

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

52
Q

What is work done?

A
  • W = force * distance moved in the direction of the force
  • W = F.s.Cosθ
53
Q

What is the area under a F vs d graph

A

Work done

54
Q

What is kinetic energy?

A

The energy due to an objects motion

55
Q

Formula for kinetic energy?

A

Ek = 0.5*mv²

56
Q

What is potential energy?

A

The energy due to an objects positon

57
Q

What is the formula for GPE

A

GPE = mgΔh

58
Q

What is power?

A

The rate of transfer of energy

59
Q

What is the formula for power in terms of force?

A

P = fv

60
Q

Formula for efficency?

A

e = useful energy out
======
total energy in

61
Q

Describe and Explain
Uniformly accelerated motion

A
  • Constant acceleration
  • Resultant force = m.a where m is constant
  • SUVAT
  • Each dimension has separate equations
  • S vs t graph is a quadratic graph; S = ut + 0.5at²
  • v vs t graph is a linear graph; gradient is a
  • a vs t graph horizontal line
62
Q

Describe and Explain
Newtons second law of motion

A
  • RF = ma; Resultant force is the product of mass and acceleration
  • RF = (mv - mu)/t = ΔP/t
  • Force is proportional to the rate of change of momentum
63
Q

Describe and Explain
Projectile motion

A
  • Parabolic trajectory
  • sᵪ = uᵪ * t
  • sᵧ = uᵧt + 0.5* gt²
  • vᵧ = uᵧ + at
  • vᵪ = uᵪ
  • aᵪ = 0; constant horizontal velocity
  • aᵧ = g = -9.81; constant vertical acceleration
64
Q

Describe and explain
Hookes’ law

A
  • Force applied by a spring is in the opposite direction to the extension
    F = k.e
    E = 0.5 * Fe = 0.5ke²
65
Q

Describe and explain
Newtons 3rd law of motion

A
  • Forces occur in pairs
  • Equal in magnitude
  • Same type of Force
  • oppostie in direction
  • act on different objects
66
Q

Describe and explain
Conservation of Linear momentum

A
  • P =mv
  • Sum of momentum before = sum of momentum after
  • momentum is conserved in a particular direction
  • No external forces act on the system
  • F₁ = (m₁v₁ - m₁u₁)/t 2nd law
    F₂ = (m₂v₂ - m₂u₂)/t 2nd law
    F₁ = -F₂

AQA A-level Physics (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions