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Duo 日本語 > Section 4, Unit 18: Medical treatment, science > Flashcards

Section 4, Unit 18: Medical treatment, science Flashcards

1
Q

医師

A

いし

physician, doctor

医: healing, medicine, doctor, 師: master, teacher, one’s mentor

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2
Q

薬局

A

やっきょく

pharmacy, drug store

薬: medicine, drug , treatment, 局: department, bureau, affair

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3
Q

処方箋

A

しょほうせん

prescription (medical)

処: point, place; associated with procedures, treatments + 方: way (of doing things), method, side = 処方: prescription, 箋: label

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4
Q

頭痛

A

ずつう

headache

頭: head, top of, counter for big animals, 痛: pain

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5
Q

薬

A

くすり

medicine, treatment

primitives: “blooming flower” + music: “white bird” + “sparkle” + “tree”

story: music helps flowers bloom more beautifully; it is a medicine to beat the apathy of not blooming.

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6
Q

痛み

A

いたみ

pain, sore, distress, grief

Note that the adjective painful is, correspondingly, 痛い

primitives: “sickness” + “chop-seal” (to certify documents) + “screwdriver” (use something)

story: sealed-in discomfort

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7
Q

効果

A

こうか

effect, result, effectiveness, efficacy

効: effect, use, avail, 果: fruit (literal, but also in an abstract sense, i.e. the fruit of work), extremity, limit

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8
Q

効果がある

A

こうかがある

be effective, have an effect, pay off

from 効果, effect

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9
Q

皮膚

A

ひふ

skin

皮: skin (general, also of fruit, other objects), peel, 膚: texture, skin, grain (of wood), character

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10
Q

病

A

びょう

disease, illness, condition (medical)

primitives: “sickness” + “third class”

story: travelling in third class on the titanic was bound to give you a sickness

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11
Q

治療

A

ちりょう

medical treatment, cure

治: associated with treatment, restoration, renewal in general, 療: associated with medical treatment, recuperation

fun fact: swapping the kanji gives you 療治, りょうじ, which, unsurprisingly, means therapy, medical treatment, cure.

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12
Q

治療法

A

ちりょうほう

treatment, cure, remedy

治療: treatment, cure, 法: law (legal and otherwise), method, act

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13
Q

伝染

A

でんせん

infection, cantagion, contagious

伝: communication, transfer, go-between, 染: printing, dyeing, also staining, penetrate, ooze, soak

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14
Q

細菌

A

さいきん

bacterium, germ

細: fine, pebble, small; also in the word for a biological cell, 菌: bacterium, also fungus; note the primitives “flower” + “encased” + “unfinished”. 菌糸, きんし, the fungus threat, is the word for hyphae

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15
Q

呼吸

A

こきゅう

respiration, breath

呼: associated with calling (out), naming things, breathing, 吸: associated with absorption, sucking in, breathing in, sticking to sth

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16
Q

医院

A

いいん

clinic, doctor’s office (surgery)

医: healing, medicine, associated with medical concepts, 院: temple, graduate school, government building.

Note that the clinic (“Praxis”) of someone ist just put behind their name, e.g. Yamaguchi’s clinic is 山口医院.

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17
Q

息

A

いき

breath, breathing

primitives: “nose” + “heart”: Your heartbest pushes your breath out your nose.

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18
Q

伝染力がある

A

でんせんりょくがある

contagious

From 伝染, contagious, “having the power to infect”

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19
Q

医療

A

いりょう

medical care, medical treatment

医: associated with healing, medicine, 療: associated associates with healing, treatments, cures, remedies (a positive concept). Primitives of this one: “sickness” + “pup tent”, in itself constructed from teepee, dog, sun, small.

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20
Q

内科

A

ないか

internal medicine (in contrast to external, i.e. surgery)

内: inside, between, within, 科: section, course (of study), fault, e.g. 科学

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21
Q

癌

A

がん

cancer (disease)

primitives: “sickness” + “piling up” + “mountain”

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22
Q

治す

A

なおす

heal, cure

primitives: “water” + table, stand, tower (“elbow” + “mouth”)

story: striving to reach a plateau of good health

note that 治する is being healed, treated

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23
Q

心理学

A

しんりがく

psychology (discipline)

心: heart, mind, spirit + 理: reason, truth, principle = 心理: psychology, mentality, statoe of mind, 学: knowledge, learning

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24
Q

脳科学

A

のうかがく

neuroscience

脳: brain (anatomy), head, skull, 科: section, course of study, 学: knowledge, learning

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25
Q

神経科学

A

しんけいかがく

neuroscience

神: god, deity; soul, spirit + 経: length; associated with management, economy, accounting = 神経: nerve + 科: section, course of study = 神経科: neurology, 学: knowledge, learning

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26
Q

状態

A

じょうたい

state, condition, aggregate state

状: situation, letter, state, 態: appearance, state, condition

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27
Q

歯茎

A

はぐき

(dental) gums

歯: tooth, 茎: stem, stalk

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28
Q

歯石

A

しせき

(dental) tartar

歯: tooth, 石: stone

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29
Q

虫歯

A

むしば

caries, devayed tooth

虫: insect, bug, 歯: tooth

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30
Q

溶ける

A

とける

melt, dissolve; thaw

primitives: “water” + “contain”

story: The water cannot be contained any longer and turns the substance into a liquid

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31
Q

物質

A

ぶっしつ

substance, material

物: thing, 質: quality

32
Q

心理

A

しんり

psyche, psychology (of a person), mentality

心: heart, soul, spirit, 理: reason, truth, logic

33
Q

比較

A

ひかく

comparison

比: ratio; proportion, associated with all manners od concepts dealing with comparisons, relative proportions, 較: associated with comparisons, competitions

34
Q

液体

A

えきたい

liquid (state); fluid

液: liquid, 体: body, matter

35
Q

気体

A

きたい

gas, vapour; gaseous state

気: atmosphere (equally mind, feeling), 体: body, matter

36
Q

個体

A

こたい

individual living being

個: “person” + “solid”, individual, personal, 体: body

note how only the primitive for person distinguishes this vocable from the word for “solid (state)”.

37
Q

固体

A

こたい

solid (state)

固: associated with solidity, strength, fixation; “solid”: “encased” + “old”, 体: body, matter

38
Q

混合

A

こんごう

mix; mixture, meld

混: associated with mixing, chaos, disorder (but not with entropy), cf. 混乱, confusion; 合: conjunction

39
Q

混合物

A

こんごうぶつ

mixture, amalgamation

混合: mix, 物: thing, object

40
Q

凍る

A

こおる

freeze

primitives: “ice” + “east”

41
Q

無色

A

むしょく

colourless

無: nothing, un-, 色: colour

42
Q

証明書

A

しょうめいしょ

credentials, certificate (proof of achievement)

証明: proof, verification, 書: document

43
Q

証明

A

しょうめい

proof, verification

証: “say” + “rectify”: proof, evidence, testimony, 明: clearly; bright, clear

44
Q

仮説

A

かせつ

hypothesis; rarely: fictional

仮: temporary, interim, provisional, 説: theory; opinion, view, hearsay

45
Q

参考

A

さんこう

reference; consultation

参: three; also associated with reference, taking part, 考: thought

46
Q

参考になる

A

さんこうになる

be of use as a reference; come in handy; with (…) in mind

参考: reference

47
Q

調査

A

ちょうさ

survey; investigation, inquiry, also research

調: key; tone, tendency, associated with a wide range of concepts, adjustment, supply. Note that 周 is associated with a boundary, a perimeter, a defining limit (which is actually very clear given the primitives “enclosure”, “soild” and “mouth” / entrance).

査: associated with inspection, examination

48
Q

生命

A

せいめい

life; existence

生: life, living; raw, 命: life, “you”

49
Q

分析

A

ぶんせき

analysis

分: part, (minute, rate), 析: obscure kanji indicating a separation, distinction, the part between the beginning and the end (literally: wooden clappers signalling the beginning and the end of a performance); chop, divide, tear, analyse

50
Q

種類

A

しゅるい

type of; kind, variety

種: seed, variety, kind; associated with biological species, e.g. in demarcation of species, or as origin / definition of a species, 類: class, kind, type, cf. 書類、しょるい: document.

51
Q

資料

A

しりょう

materials, document; data

資: associated with resources, especially financial (e.g. capital), 料: material, fee; also associated with ingredient in a food context

52
Q

記号

A

きごう

symbol; sign, notation

記: record, 号: issue, number; model; also associated with signalling, starting, announcing / proclaiming (beginnings)

53
Q

酸素

A

さんそ

oxygen (chemical element)

酸: acid, 素: material, source, prime

54
Q

水素

A

すいそ

hydrogen (chemical element)

水: water, 素: material, source, prime

55
Q

元素

A

げんそ

chemical element

元: source; basis, origin, foundation, 素: material, source, prime

56
Q

含む

A

ふくむ

include; hold, contain, imply

primitives: “now” + “mouth”, i.e. it is in the mouth (recall: this can be any entrance) now

57
Q

観察

A

かんさつ

observation, observe

観: view of …; look, appearance; outlook on, 察: police

58
Q

基づく

A

もとづく

be based on; originate from

59
Q

酸

A

さん

acid; vinegar

primitives: “liquir bottle” + “license” + “walking legs”

60
Q

起源

A

きげん

origin; beginning

起: cause; origin, beginning, genesis, 源: source

note the primitives for “running” and “snake” in the first kanji, and how the meaning ties in neatly with the mythological — easy to to tie this to Adam, Eve, and Crowley

61
Q

宇宙

A

うちゅう

space, universe, cosmos

宇: counter for buildings; also associated with universal, 宙: air, space

62
Q

宇宙人

A

うちゅうびと; likely also うちゅうにん, うちゅうじん

alien

宇宙: space, 人: person

63
Q

宇宙飛行士

A

うちゅうひこうし

astronaut

宇宙: space, universe, 飛行: floght, aviation, 士: “samurai”; denotes a person in a given profession

64
Q

惑星

A

わくせい

planet

惑: associated with deceiving, misleading, undecisiveness, 星: star

a celestial body that can’t quite decide whether to be a star or not

65
Q

星

A

ほし

star ⭐️

primitives: “sun” + “living”

66
Q

軌道

A

きどう

orbit

軌: associated with staying on track, e.g. rail, 道: way, path

67
Q

衛星

A

えいせい

satellite

衛: diffuse kanji loosely associated with guarding, trailing, being in the vicinity of, 星: star

68
Q

望遠鏡

A

ぼうえんきょう

telescope

望: full moon: associated with hope + 遠: distant = seeing at a distanve, 鏡: mirror

69
Q

酸類

A

さんるい

acids (chemical griup of substances)

酸: acid, vinegar, 類: type, kind, class

70
Q

作用

A

さよう

effect, function, action

作: production, work (of art); crop; yiele, 用: use; service, business, task; utilize

作用する is “to have an effect on”, “affect”, “act on”

71
Q

傾向

A

けいこう

trend; tendency

傾: tilted; oblique, slanted, sloping, 向: associated with “the other side”; opposite side, towards

72
Q

標準

A

ひょうじゅん

standard; level, norm

標: symbol, mark; proof, guide, sign, 準: associate; associated with conform to

73
Q

全体として

A

ぜんたいとして

as a whole, overall

全体: whole, entirely, として: as, in the role of

74
Q

医者

A

いしゃ

doctor, physician

医: medicine, doctor; healing, 者: person, someone doing that work

75
Q

外科医

A

げかい

surgeon

外: outside, external + 科: course of study, department = 外科: surgical, surhical department, 医: doctor, medicine; healing

76
Q

分析学

A

ぶんせきがく

analytics (discipline)

分析: analyse, 学: -science, knowledge

Duo 日本語 (8 decks)

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