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History Tsarist and Communist Russia > Section 4- Krushchev > Flashcards

Section 4- Krushchev Flashcards

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1
Q

who initially succeeded Stalin as Prime Minister and Party Secretary

A

Malenkov- only lasted a week

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2
Q

who was apart of the 5 man collective?

A

Malenkov (Prime Minister), Beria (Minister of the Interior and Head of the Secret Police), Molotov (Foreign Minister), Voroshilov (Head of State), and Khrushchev (First Party Secretary)​

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3
Q

who originally was the frontrunner to take over after stalin?

A

Beria

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4
Q

what liberal actions did Beria do after Stalin’s death

A

implemented a programme of liberal reform, releasing 1 million prisoners, proposed dismantling the gulags, and reversed Russification policies in west Ukraine and the Baltic states​

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5
Q

what enabled krushchev to remove beria?

A

uprising in east berlin

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6
Q

what was Beria accused of?

A

At a Presidium meeting on 26 June, Beria was accused of numerous crimes, including being a British agent and being responsible for the worst excesses of Stalinism​

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7
Q

what was Malenkov’s new course?

A

output of consumer goods would overtake heavy industry; halving of agricultural taxes; increase in produce prices and size of private plots​

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8
Q

what was Malenkov blamed for?

A

the poor harvest of 1953, and for suppressing defence spending as he wanted to avoid war

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9
Q

when was the virgin lands campaign implemented?

A

1954

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10
Q

when was the secret speech

A

1956

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11
Q

when were stalin’s purges

A

1936=38

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12
Q

who were some key figures killed in the purges

A

zinoviev, Kamenev, Bukharin, Krylenko, Yagoda, Yezhov, Kirov

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13
Q

Khrushchev in 1937

A

Khruschev outperformed on his quota for Moscow, responsible for the arrests of 41305/35000 and the shooting of 8500/5000, and only 10 of 146 Party Secretaries in the Moscow region survived​

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14
Q

what happened to political prisoners between 1953-1956

A

7000 political prisoners were rehabilitated; in the ten months after the secret speech 617000 were rehabilitated​

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15
Q

when was the Hungarian revolution?

A

1956

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16
Q

what did the 4th five year plan entail? 1946-50

A

by 1950, gross industrial output increased by 73%, fixed assets of production by 24%, national income by 64%, and capital investments in national economy were worth 48 billion rubles​
6200 large state industrial enterprises were built and rebuilt​
100 million sq.m. urban homes and 2.7 million rural homes were restored and constructed​
Rationing for consumer goods cancelled in 1947​
Compulsory 7 year education introduced everywhere​
Real household consumption only one tenth higher than in 1928​

17
Q

what did the 5th five year plan entail? 1951-55

A

continued focus on heavy industry until death of Stalin, when focus changed to living standards​
National income increased by 71%, funds in economy by 62%, industrial products by 85%, agricultural products by 21%, capital investments by 90%, and labour productivity by 49%​
3200 large state industrial enterprises were built​
First nuclear plant built in Obninsk in 1954​
Leningrad metro commissioned​
Real wages of workers increased by 39%, and income of peasants by 1.5​

18
Q

what was Khruschev’s main focus?

A

agriculture

19
Q

how many moscow ministries were abolished

A

60

20
Q

how many economic regions was the ussr divided into?

A

105

21
Q

what did the sixth 5 year plan entail? 1956-57

A

cut short due to being over-ambitious​
Substantial development of nuclear power plants and construction of atomic engines​
National income increased by 54%, gross industrial output by 64%, agriculture by 32%, volume of capital investments by 87%, labour productivity by 37%, volume of retail turnover by 57%​
Creation of new industries including radio engineering and production of household goods (refrigerators and washing machines)​
2690 large state industrial enterprises commissioned​

22
Q

what did the seventh 5 year plan entail?

A

National income increased by 58%, gross industrial production by 84%, producer goods by 96%, consumer goods by 60%​
Capital investments were 281 billion rubles​
5470 large state industrial enterprises built​
Kiev metro commissioned​
Wage taxes were cancelled or reduced, and pensions introduced, and working day and working week shortened​
Real incomes of workers increased by 33% and of collective farmers by 49%​
Universal compulsory 8 year education introduced in 1959​

23
Q

under Krushchev, how much did grain prices rise by?

A

25 cents between 1953 and 1956 and so the state paid more for procurements, in addition to lowering the quotas​

24
Q

social change under Khruschev

A

Increase in minimum wage and expansion of pension scheme in 1956​
Seven-hour working day and holiday pay introduced in 1960 ​
Cover extended to collective farmers in 1964​
Labour laws against absenteeism and changing jobs repealed​
Annual rate of housing construction almost doubled and about 108 million people moved into new apartments (Krushchevyokas) between 1956 and 1965​

25
Q

what was the easing of relations between the usa and soviet union known as?

A

THAW

26
Q

when did Krushchev visit the USA

A

1959

27
Q

what were the cosmonauts used for

A

propaganda
they were idolised
increased patriotism

28
Q

when was the committee of the peaceful uses of outer space created

A

1959- by the UN

29
Q

what did the circulation of space journals increase by

A

1957- 150000
1965- 1.75 million

30
Q

what was the youth group called under krushchev

A

pionneers

31
Q

how much machinery was moved inn the virgin lands campaign?

A

in 1954, 20000 then 200000

32
Q

what were the yields like in the virgin lands campiagn

A

1954- positive, 65% increase
1955- negative- 35% decrease
1956- positive, largest yield ever 50% higher
1957- negative
1958/59- positive
early 1960s- negative

33
Q

when was the cuban missile crisis

A

1962

34
Q

what happened at the 1959 china meeting

A

krushchev went to china to discuss a joint naval
mao accused krushchev of trying to take over chinese coastlines

35
Q

1962 sino-indian war

A

soviet union supported india- provided weapons

36
Q

how many churches did krushchev close

A

12,000

37
Q

state pensions doubled

A

1966

38
Q

what did wages increase by?

A

between 1958 and 1965 increased from 78 to 96 rubles

History Tsarist and Communist Russia (3 decks)

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