section 4 ch. 8 vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

amount of sediment a river can carry

A

load

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2
Q

very small particles (minerals) dissolved in water

A

solution

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3
Q

clay, silt, and fine sands are kept from settling in the water which makes the water look muddy

A

suspension

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4
Q

sediments which roll along the bottom of the river because they’re too heavy to be carried

A

bed load

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5
Q

volume of water which passes a point in a given amount of time (measured in m to the third power/s)

A

discharge

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6
Q

fast moving water, rapids, waterfalls, straight sections of river

A

immature river

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7
Q

slower moving water, meanders, oxbow lakes

A

mature river

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8
Q

Large mass of ice that moves over land slowly

A

glacier

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9
Q

covers an entire continent near the poles.
They move outward from the center.
Cover Antarctica and much of Greenland

A

continental glacier

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10
Q

covers the floor of a valley between 2 mountains
Smaller than continental glaciers but very long
Can move down the valley at a rate of several centimeters to meters per day.
Form when more snow falls than melts

A

valley glacier

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11
Q

when a valley glacier flows several kilometers per year

A

surge

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12
Q

picking up rocks as the glacier moves over land

A

plucking

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13
Q

grinding away at rock

A

abrasion

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14
Q

long, parallel scratches in the bedrock caused by the rock carried by the glacier

A

striations

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15
Q

a semicircular basin formed at the head of the glacier formed by frost action

A

cirques

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16
Q

a sharp ridge between two cirques

A

arete

17
Q

formed in an area with many cirques; it looks like a pyramid- shaped peak

A

horn

18
Q

a U-shaped valley

A

glacial trough

19
Q

small mountain lake

A

tarn

20
Q

formed when a tributary glacial valley is eroded by the main glacier

A

hanging valley

21
Q

will form when a river develops in a hanging trough

A

hanging valley waterfall

22
Q

a mixture of sediment left by a glacier on the surface (clay, silt, sand, gravel, or boulders)

A

till

23
Q

ridge of sediment along the sides of the glacier

A

lateral moraine

24
Q

ridge of sediment along the center of the glacier

A

medial moraine

25
Q

ridge of sediment pushed out in front of the glacier

A

end moraine (terminal moraine)

26
Q

fine-grained, silt-sized particles of rock

A

rock flour

27
Q

till-covered areas with irregular topography and no ridges, often forming gently rolling hills or plains

A

ground moraine

28
Q

large boulders transported and deposited by a glacier

A

erratics

29
Q

long, low, tear-shaped mound of till

A

drumlin

30
Q

deposit of stratified drift in front of a glacier

A

outwash plain

31
Q

long, winding ridge of gravel and coarse sand deposited by a glacier

A

esker

32
Q

irregular hill or mound found in the depression created by a glacier

A

kames

33
Q

depression in a glacial outwash plain

A

kettle (lakes)

34
Q

a small narrow glacier that moves from a high elevation to a low elevation

A

alpine glacier/valley glacier

35
Q

the largest glaciers that moves outward from a central point

A

continental glacier

36
Q

large mass of ice and snow that slowly moves in water

A

iceberg