Section 3 Flashcards
What did Senator Huey Long of Louisiana believe about the new deal?
It had not gone far enough to help the poor.
What did Long call for? To provide what?
Heavy taxes on the rich to provide every American family with a house, a car, and a decent annual income.
What did Huey use to win political power?
Bribery and threats.
What was Dr. Francis Townsend’s plan?
To give everyone over the age of 60 a pension of $200 a month.
What is a pension?
A sum of money paid to people on a regular basis after they retire.
What were people receiving the pension required to do?
Free up a job for someone else and spend the pension money at once to boost the economy.
What did the liberty league complain about the new deal?
It interfered too much with business and peoples lives, and the government was taking away basic freedoms.
Why did the Supreme Court rule that the NIRA was unconstitutional?
The court said it gave too much power to the president.
What other acts did the Supreme Court rule unconstitutional?
AAA and eight others
After Roosevelt’s inauguration, what did he put forth a plan to?
Enlarge the federal courts.
What did Roosevelt want to raise the number Supreme Court justices to? Why?
9 to 15. It would make it possible for him to appoint six new justices who supported his programs.
Who accused Roosevelt of trying to pack the Court with justices who supported his views?
Supporters and critics of the new deal.
Supporters and critics of the new deal said his move threatened the principle of what?
Separation of powers.
Did Roosevelts plan for the court ever succeed? How many months did he fight for this plan?
No. 6 months.
In 1935, Congress passed the national Labor relations act, or also known as the..?
Wagner Act.
Who sponsored the Wagner act?
Senator Robert Wagner of New York.
What did the Wagner act do?
Protected workers from unfair management practices.
What did the Wagner act guarantee workers the right to do?
Collective bargaining.
What was collective bargaining?
The process by which a union negotiates with management on behalf of a group of workers.
What did the Wagner act help grow?
Union membership.
Union membership got a further boost when John L. Lewis set up what?
The Congress of industrial organizations or the CIO.
What did the CIO do?
Represented workers in whole industries.
What’s employers try to stop workers from joining?
Unions.
What often resulted when employers tried to stop workers from joining unions?
Violence.
What strategy workers at the Goodyear tire factory in Ohio use?
Sit-down strike.
What did they do at the sit down strike?
Stopped all machines and refused to leave the factory until Goodyear recognize their union.
United States was the only major industrial nation that didn’t have a formal _______________ to help the elderly.
Pension program.
Who pushed to enact an old-age pension?
Roosevelt and secretary of labor Frances Perkins.
How many parts did the Social Security act have?
Three.
What did the Social Security act do?
It’s set up a system of pensions for older people.
What did the Social Security act set up the nation’s first system of?
Unemployment insurance.
The Social Security act gave states money to support who?
Dependent children and people with disabilities.
Why did some liberals criticize the Social Security act?
It did not include farmworkers, domestic servants, or the self-employed.
Some conservatives criticize Social Security as another way for the government to do what?
Take away money from working people.
The federal government grew in size and power. What did many people complain about that the government did?
That the government was intruding peoples lives, and threatening individual freedoms and private property.
Critics who are against the new deal called for a return to the policy of what?
Laissez faire.
What were the critics alarmed about?
The government was spending more than it took in.
What is deficit spending and what did it create?
To spend more than you taken, and it created a huge increase in the national debt.
When did full recovery of the depression come?
1941, when United States was about to fight in World War 2.
What did supporters note about FDR?
He had steered the nation through the worst parts of the depression.
What did the new deal legislation do?
It ended the banking crisis, projected farmers, and found work for the jobless.
Supporters also argued that the government had a responsibility to use its power to help who?
All of its citizens, not just business and the wealthy.
Most important, supporters argued that the new deal had saved the nations what?
Democratic system.
Elsewhere in the world, people tend to dictators to lead them out of hard times. Roosevelt restored the nation’s economic wealth while doing what?
Preserving its liberties.
