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history- Elizabeth > section 3 > Flashcards

section 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

who were jesuits

A

catholic priests who were specially trained to convert people back to Catholicism

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2
Q

when did jesuits begin to arrive in england

A

1580s

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3
Q

where did jesuits train

A

special seminaries in catholic countries

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4
Q

who was the leader of jesuits in england

A

Edmund Campion

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5
Q

who hid jesuits and where

A

hidden by wealthy Catholics in secret priest holes

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6
Q

how many jesuits hid

A

around 100

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7
Q

who was Francis walsingham

A

privy councillor who developed an effective spy network

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8
Q

what was walsingham’s spy network

A

hundreds of agents tracked down jesuits and catholic plotters and priest hunters caught catholic priests

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9
Q

what happened to Campion

A

in 1581 he was captured by Walsingham’s agents
hanged drawn and quartered

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10
Q

who was mary queen of scots in relation to Elizabeth

A

her catholic cousin

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11
Q

why did Mary leave scotland

A

forced to flee from a protestant rebellion

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12
Q

from when had Mary been in prison in england

A

1568

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13
Q

why did people believe Mary’s claim to the throne was strong

A

she had a son and heir : James

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14
Q

how was Mary a threat of catholic rebellion

A

She was next in line to the throne and it encouraged catholics to rebel/ plot assassination

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15
Q

who were Marys foreign supporters

A

Philip of Spain, the French, the Pope

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16
Q

why did Elizabeth refuse to execute Mary

A

her cousin, did not want to execute a fellow queen

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17
Q

who was Throckmorton

A

a young catholic noble who plotted to invade england and put mary on the throne

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18
Q

who supported the throckmorton plot

A

Philip of Spain and the pope

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19
Q

when was the throckmorton plot

A

1583

20
Q

what happened to throckmorton

A

walsingham’s spies uncovered the plot, he was tortured and executed

21
Q

who was Babington

A

a young catholic noble who plotted to invade and put mary on the throne

22
Q

who did Babington plot with?

A

Philip of Spain and the french

23
Q

when was the babington plot

A

1586

24
Q

how did babington communicate with mary

A

hiding coded letters in beer barrels that went into mary’s prison

25
Q

what did walsingham do about the babington plot

A

discovered the system and waited until he had proof of marys involvement

26
Q

when was mary of scots executed

A

1587

27
Q

why did elizabeth sign mary’s death warrent

A

Cecil and Walsingham manipulated her into signing it

28
Q

how was Mary queen of scots killed

A

beheaded

29
Q

Elizabeths reaction to Marys execution

A

furious and refused to talk to Cecil for a year

30
Q

when did an anglo spanish war break out

A

1580s

31
Q

when was the spanish armada

A

1588

32
Q

who did elizabeth refuse to marry at the start of her reign

A

Philip of spain

33
Q

who stole gold from spanish treasure ships

A

English privateers such as Francis Drake- Elizabeth knighted Drake

34
Q

how many soldiers did elizabeth send to the netherlands

A

7000

35
Q

when did Elizabeth send soldiers to the Netherlands

A

1585

36
Q

why did Elizabeth send soldiers to the Netherlands

A

to support protestant rebels fighting Philip of Spain’s army

37
Q

What was the Spanish armada

A

Philip’s invasion fleet on 130 ships

38
Q

What was the plan for the Armada

A

to sail to the Netherlands, pick up 20,000 spanish soldiers, invade England and reintroduce Catholicism

39
Q

how many ships made it back to spain

A

80

40
Q

who was the leader of the Armada

A

Duke of Medina Sidonia

41
Q

what was the problem with the leader of the Armada

A

he had no experience sailing and got sea sick

42
Q

how late were the spanish army and why was this bad

A

a week late leaving the armada vulnerable to attack

43
Q

what did the english use to break the Armada’s crescent formation

A

fireships

44
Q

why were english ships better

A

smaller and more manoeuvrable

45
Q

what happened to the Armada

A

driven north by a storm and forced to return to spain via scotland and ireland, over 40 ships shipwrecked

46
Q

what happened to other armadas Philip sent

A

two more armadas sent in the 1590s but both wrecked by a storm

history- Elizabeth (6 decks)

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