section 3 Flashcards
who were jesuits
catholic priests who were specially trained to convert people back to Catholicism
when did jesuits begin to arrive in england
1580s
where did jesuits train
special seminaries in catholic countries
who was the leader of jesuits in england
Edmund Campion
who hid jesuits and where
hidden by wealthy Catholics in secret priest holes
how many jesuits hid
around 100
who was Francis walsingham
privy councillor who developed an effective spy network
what was walsingham’s spy network
hundreds of agents tracked down jesuits and catholic plotters and priest hunters caught catholic priests
what happened to Campion
in 1581 he was captured by Walsingham’s agents
hanged drawn and quartered
who was mary queen of scots in relation to Elizabeth
her catholic cousin
why did Mary leave scotland
forced to flee from a protestant rebellion
from when had Mary been in prison in england
1568
why did people believe Mary’s claim to the throne was strong
she had a son and heir : James
how was Mary a threat of catholic rebellion
She was next in line to the throne and it encouraged catholics to rebel/ plot assassination
who were Marys foreign supporters
Philip of Spain, the French, the Pope
why did Elizabeth refuse to execute Mary
her cousin, did not want to execute a fellow queen
who was Throckmorton
a young catholic noble who plotted to invade england and put mary on the throne
who supported the throckmorton plot
Philip of Spain and the pope
when was the throckmorton plot
1583
what happened to throckmorton
walsingham’s spies uncovered the plot, he was tortured and executed
who was Babington
a young catholic noble who plotted to invade and put mary on the throne
who did Babington plot with?
Philip of Spain and the french
when was the babington plot
1586
how did babington communicate with mary
hiding coded letters in beer barrels that went into mary’s prison
what did walsingham do about the babington plot
discovered the system and waited until he had proof of marys involvement
when was mary of scots executed
1587
why did elizabeth sign mary’s death warrent
Cecil and Walsingham manipulated her into signing it
how was Mary queen of scots killed
beheaded
Elizabeths reaction to Marys execution
furious and refused to talk to Cecil for a year
when did an anglo spanish war break out
1580s
when was the spanish armada
1588
who did elizabeth refuse to marry at the start of her reign
Philip of spain
who stole gold from spanish treasure ships
English privateers such as Francis Drake- Elizabeth knighted Drake
how many soldiers did elizabeth send to the netherlands
7000
when did Elizabeth send soldiers to the Netherlands
1585
why did Elizabeth send soldiers to the Netherlands
to support protestant rebels fighting Philip of Spain’s army
What was the Spanish armada
Philip’s invasion fleet on 130 ships
What was the plan for the Armada
to sail to the Netherlands, pick up 20,000 spanish soldiers, invade England and reintroduce Catholicism
how many ships made it back to spain
80
who was the leader of the Armada
Duke of Medina Sidonia
what was the problem with the leader of the Armada
he had no experience sailing and got sea sick
how late were the spanish army and why was this bad
a week late leaving the armada vulnerable to attack
what did the english use to break the Armada’s crescent formation
fireships
why were english ships better
smaller and more manoeuvrable
what happened to the Armada
driven north by a storm and forced to return to spain via scotland and ireland, over 40 ships shipwrecked
what happened to other armadas Philip sent
two more armadas sent in the 1590s but both wrecked by a storm
