section 1 Flashcards
time period/ family
Tudors
father
Henry V111
grandfather
Henry V11
brother
Edward V1 - no heir
sister
Mary- no heir
when did Elizabeth get the throne
1558
why did people question her claim to the throne?
mother (Anne Boleyn), Henrys second wife was beheaded
why did her gender pose an issue?
16th century patriarchal society
female monarchs couldn’t lead an army
how much debt did she inherit?
£300,000
how did Elizabeth deal with her debt?
raised taxes
what made the debt worse?
had to take out new loans to fund an army and navy to defend England
what happened in the reformation?
Protestants challenged the old Catholic beliefs
puritans
extreme protestants who wanted to take the reformation even further
elizabeths religion
Protestant but disliked extremism if puritans
most english peoples religion
very catholic- could rebel if she banned catholic beliefs, mainly the poor in North and West (rural)
pressure from protestants
protestants and puritans in power such as MPs and Privy councillors wanted England more protestant
European superpowers- religion
Spain and France were strongly Catholic and threatened to invade if Elizabeth doesn’t return to Catholic
Protestants in Europe
eg- Netherlands
needed her help
When was Elizabeth’s religious settlement
1559
Protestant features of settlement
Queen- head of church rather than the pope
All churches had an english bible
catholic features of settlement
Churches could be highly decorated
Priests had to wear vestments
Other features of the settlement
known as the middle way
everyone expected to attend church each sunday
recusants fined
Catholics before 1580
remained loyal to the pope but followed Elizabeths laws and attended protestant services (Church Papists)
Elizabeth towards Catholics before 1580
Tolerated Catholics- didn’t enforce the fine for recusancy in catholic areas
What did the pope say in 1580
it wouldn’t be a sin to kill Elizabeth, increasing risk of assassination
Catholic threat after 1580
began to plot to make Mary Queen of Scots the Catholic Queen
Who planned an invasion of England after 1580
Philip of Spain
1581
fine for recusancy increased to £20
1585
death penalty for anyone sheltering a catholic priest
1593
new law banned Catholics from travelling more than 5 miles away from home
how many catholics were in england in 1588
3 million
how many catholics were in england in 1603
40,000
1605
Catholics tried to assassinate the new king in the Gunpowder Plot
