Section 22-2

Question 1

Mosses and their relatives are generally called

Answer 1

Bryophytes

Question 2

Bryophyte life cycles are highly dependent on

Answer 2

Water

Question 3

How does the lack of vascular tissue keep bruophytes small

Answer 3

They can draw up water by osmosis only a few centimeters above the ground

Question 4

Why must bryophytes live in places where there is standing water for ag least part of the year

Answer 4

During at least one stage of their life cycle, bryophytes produce permits that must swim through water to reach the eggs of other individuals

Question 5

What are the three groups of plants that bryophytes include

Answer 5

Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts

Question 6

Where would you expect to find mosses growing

Answer 6

Areas with water, swamps and bogs near streams and in rain forests

Question 7

Why are mosses the most abundant plants in polar regions

Answer 7

Because bryophytes are well adapted to life in wet habitats and nutrient poor soils. They also tolerate low temperatures

Question 8

Why is the thin upright shoot of a moss plant not considered to be a true stem

Answer 8

Because they do not contain vascular tissue

Question 9

Study photo

Question 10

What do gametophytes of liverworts look like

Answer 10

Tiny green umbrellas

Question 11

What are gemmae

Answer 11

Small multicellular reproductive structures

Question 12

How do liverworts reproduce asexually

Answer 12

By means of gemmae. When washed out of a gemmae cup that gemmae can divide by mitosis and produce a new individual

Question 13

What does a hornwort sporophyte look like

Answer 13

Tint green horns

Question 14

In what sort of soil would liver worts and hornworts be expected to be found

Answer 14

Hornworts are found in soul that is damp year round. Liver worts are found in moist soil

Question 15

In bryophytes which stage of the life cycle is dominate and carries out the most of the plants photosynthesis

Answer 15

Gametophyte

Question 16

What fact of reproduction limits the distribution of bryophytes to habitats near water

Answer 16

For fertilization, the supermarket of a bryophyte must swim to a egg. Because of this dependence for water reproduction bryophytes must live in habitats where water is available at least part of a year

Question 17

When a moss spore germinates what does it grow into

Answer 17

Into a mass of tangled green filaments called a protonema

Question 18

Antheridia

Answer 18

Male reproductive structure
Sperm

Question 19

Archegonia

Answer 19

Female reproductive structure
eggs cells

Question 20

What does the zygote depend on for water and nutrients

Answer 20

The zygote grows out of the body of a gametophyte and depends on it for water and nutrients

Question 21

In certain envoirments the dead remains of sphagnum accumulate to form thick deposits of

Answer 21

Peat

Question 22

Why do gardens add peat to soil

Answer 22

Because it improves the soils ability to retain water and can increase soil acidity