Section 2: The Sensory, Motor, and Memory Systems Flashcards
Review/Learn Section II of the Science Pentathlon 23-24 Study Guide.
What structure does the visual system begin with?
the eye
Where does the transduction of light take place?
the retina
What part of the eye is reshaped and shaved down during LASIK eye surgery?
the cornea
What is the cornea?
the front, transparent part of the eye where most fraction takes place
What is the iris?
the colored part of the eye
What does the iris do?
it controls the size of the pupil to allow the optimal amount of light through
The iris contracts and the pupil gets smaller in bright or dim light?
bright light
The iris relaxes and the pupil expands in bright or dim light?
dim light
Where does the cornea focus light on?
the retina
What part of the eye changes the focal length of light?
the lens
What is farsightedness?
when the muscles in the lens become stiff or when the distance between the cornea and retina is too short
What is myopia?
when the distance between the cornea and the retina is too long
Another word for myopia is ________.
nearsightedness
How can you fix myopia and farsightedness?
through LASIK eye surgery or glasses
How are the layers in the retina arranged?
inside out
What are photoreceptor neurons?
neurons that receive and transduce light
Why are the layers in the retina arranged inside out?
because the pigmented epithelium layer needs to be right outside of these cells
Where are the photoreceptor neurons in the eye located?
the retina
What do the pigmented epithelium cells do?
they absorb extra light and get rid of the old, worn-down parts of the photoreceptors that have to be constantly replaced.
Where is the choroid found?
right outside the pigmented epithelium layer
What does the choroid do?
it brings oxygen and nutrients to photoreceptors
Where is vision sharpest?
the fovea
Where is the fovea located?
the center of the retina
What are the 2 types of photoreceptors?
rods and cones