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BF Course > Section 2 test > Flashcards

Section 2 test Flashcards

1
Q

The protein and fat content of milk are specific to what

A

the human species

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2
Q

When colostrum is compared to human milk, what is true of immunoglobulins?

A

Colostrum contains larger amounts of immunoglobulins

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3
Q

What are the four main components of whey protein?

A
  • Lacroferrin
  • lysozyme
  • alpha-lactalbumin
  • immunoglobulins
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4
Q

What is the ratio of whey to casein in mature milk?

A

60:40

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5
Q

Casein proteins form

A

a tough, less digestible curd that requires an increased amount of energy to digest

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6
Q

What is the main component of human milk fat?

A

Triglycerides

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7
Q

What are the most varied compound in human milk?

A

lipids

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8
Q

Lipase breaks down what?

A

long-chain fatty acids

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9
Q

Lactose is an osmotic agent that regulates

A

milk volume

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10
Q

What are the monosaccharides that form the disaccharaide lactose?

A

glucose and galactose

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11
Q

A lactating woman requires a 30% increase in dietary

A

carbohydrates

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12
Q

What is the principal immunoglobulin in colostrum and mature milk?

A

Secretory IgA

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13
Q

What is the predominant intestinal flora of the breast fed infant?

A

Lactobacillus bifidus

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14
Q

What is lactoferrin?

A

a bacteriostatic iron-binding protein

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15
Q

What is lysozyme’s function?

A

bacteriostatic and anti-inflammatory actions

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16
Q

What is SIgA?

A

an immunoglobulin synthesized and stored in breast tissue

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17
Q

SIgA is highest in what type of milk?

A

colostrum

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18
Q

After colostrum production ends, what happens to SIgA?

A

maintains the same level throughout the first year of breastfeeding

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19
Q

High levels of lactose promote absorption of what?

A

calcium and iron

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20
Q

Amylase is necessary for the digestion of

A

starch

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21
Q

When compared to mature milk, how much Vitamin A does colostrum contain?

A

Twice as much vitamin A as mature milk

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22
Q

Pasteurization of human milk will most likely affect what factors?

A

Antibacterial factors

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23
Q

Compared to human milk, colostrum contains higher concentration of what?

A
  • Sodium
  • Chloride
  • vitamin A
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24
Q

Vitamin K is necessary for

A

blood clotting

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25
Q

Vitamin D is essential in the prevention of

A

rickets

26
Q

What are examples of atopic diseases?

A

Exczema

food allergies

27
Q

What type of lymphocytes are found in human milk?

A

both T and B

28
Q

are leukocytes found in pasteurized milk.

A

No

29
Q

Infants can receive antibody protection even when

A

they have not been directly exposed to an antigen.

30
Q

Lactalbumin is a component of

A

whey protein

31
Q

Is lactoferrin present in cow’s milk?

A

no

32
Q

What is interferon’s role?

A

Antiviral

33
Q

WHO and UNICEF advise breastfeeding of infants up to

A

1 year of age

34
Q

A child’s immune system is not fully developed until about age

A

5

35
Q

During pregnancy the mother passes antibodies to the fetus through

A

the placenta

36
Q

Can leukocytes withstand pasteurization?

A

no

37
Q

Alpha-lactalbumin is part of a chemical reaction tha

A

transforms galactose and glucose to lactose

38
Q

Fat-soluble vitamins in breastmilk are influenced by

A

maternal diet

39
Q

a process that engulfs and absorbs pathogens

A

phagocytosis

40
Q

are called cell-mediated immunity

A

lymphocytes

41
Q

is a bactericidal

A

lysozyme

42
Q

blocks antigens in the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts

A

oligosaccharide

43
Q

contributes to the low pH of stools of the breastfed infant

A

bifidus factor

44
Q

living white blood cells in human milk that provide active and passive immunity

A

leukocytes

45
Q

a bacteriostatic iron-binding protein

A

lactoferrin

46
Q

produce lactoferrin, lysozyme, and release SIgA

A

macrophages

47
Q

phagocytic leukocytes

A

neutrophils

48
Q

discourages the growth of Gram- negative bacteria

A

Lactobacillus bifidus

49
Q

kills Streptococcus

A

lactoperoxidase

50
Q

the most significant and predominant immunoglobulin in human milk

A

SIgA

51
Q

a leukocyte that destroys pathogens by phagocytosis

A

phagocytes

52
Q

produce IgA and interferon

A

lymphocytes

53
Q

the principal protein in human milk, which forms soft, easily digested curds

A

whey

54
Q

stimulates the uptake of glucose into the cells of the mammary gland

A

insulin

55
Q

is thought to play a role in the final preparation of the breast for lactogenesis

A

progesterone

56
Q

a specific whey protein that is the catalyst for lactose synthesis

A

lactalbumin

57
Q

milk proteins are formed from these

A

amino acids

58
Q

a disaccharide found only in milk

A

lactose

59
Q

an iron-binding whey protein that inhibits growth of iron-dependentbacteria in the infant’s gastrointestinal tract

A

lactoferrin

60
Q

an anabolic process that involves only glucose

A

lactose synthesis

61
Q

necessary for lactose synthesis

A

glucose

BF Course (9 decks)

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