Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HCHS GCSE Science 2 - Chemistry > Section 2 - States of Mater & Mixtures > Flashcards

Section 2 - States of Mater & Mixtures Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Biology 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
1
Q

What are the three states of matter?

A

Solid, liquid and gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In a solid’s particle model, how are the particles arranged?

A

A regular lattice from which the particles don’t move.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the properties of solids?

A

Strong forces of attraction between particles, holding all particles in a fixed lattice arrangement, they keep a definite shape and volume, they don’t have much energy, they expand as they heat up.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In a liquid’s particle model, how are the particles arranged?

A

Some of the particles will be touching one another, but they will be laid out irregularly and spread out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the properties of liquids?

A

Some force of attraction between particles, allowing free movement of particles whilst sticking them together, no definite shape but keep constant volume, some energy, expand when heated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In a gas’s particle model, how are the particles arranged?

A

Randomly spread out.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the properties of gases?

A

No forces of attraction between particles, allowing free movement of particles, no definite shape or volume, have lots of energy, move randomly, expand when heated or under pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When a solid turns to a liquid, what is it called?

A

Melting.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When a liquid turns to a solid, what is it called?

A

Freezing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When a liquid turns to a gas, what is it called?

A

Evaporating.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When a gas turns to a liquid, what is it called?

A

Condensing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When a solid turns to a gas, or a gas turns to a solid, what is it called?

A

Subliming.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are physical changes?

A

Changes in state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are chemical changes?

A

Rearrangements of atoms in compounds due to chemical reactions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Compared to physical changes, how hard are chemical changes to reverse?

A

Harder.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is pure in chemistry?

A

Pure means only made of one element or compound.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How can you test a solid’s purity with heat?

A

By melting it and comparing it’s melting point to it’s pure melting point.

18
Q

What is distillation?

A

A separation technique to separate mixtures containing liquids.

19
Q

How does distillation work?

A

The liquids evaporate at different temperature, this allows the liquids with lower boiling points to boil out of the mixture, separating it from the other chemicals.

20
Q

What are the two types of distillation?

A

Simple and fractional.

21
Q

What is filtration used for?

A

To separate an insoluble solid from a liquid.

22
Q

What is crystalisation used for?

A

To separate soluble solids from a mixture.

23
Q

What is chromatography?

A

A method to separate a mixture of soluble substances and identify them.

24
Q

What are the two phases of chromatography?

A

Mobile and stationary.

25
Q

What is the mobile phase in chromatography?

A

Where the molecules can move, this is either a liquid or a gas.

26
Q

What is the stationary phase in chromatography?

A

Where the molecules can’t move, this is either a solid or a really thick liquid.

27
Q

What is the R(v)f value? What does it stand for?

A

The ratio between the distance traveled by the solute and the distance traveled by the solvent, it stands for retardation factor.

28
Q

How can you test purity with chromatography?

A

A pure substance forms a blob and won’t be separated, unlike a mixture.

29
Q

What are the three types of water source we use to provide us with drinking water.

A

Surface water, ground water and waste water.

30
Q

What is surface water?

A

Water from lakes, rivers and reservoirs.

31
Q

What is ground water?

A

Water from aquifers.

32
Q

What is waste water?

A

Water that has been contaminated by some human process.

33
Q

What is an aquifer?

A

Any type of rock that traps water underground.

34
Q

Which types of water source require treatment before use?

A

Waste water and surface water.

35
Q

What does potable mean, in relation to water?

A

It means the water is fit to drink.

36
Q

What three stages does water go through in water treatment?

A

Filtration, sedimentation and chlorination.

37
Q

How does filtration work in water treatment?

A

A large wire mesh is used to remove twigs and the like before a sand and gravel bed filter out other solids.

38
Q

How does sedimentation work in water treatment?

A

Either iron sulfate or aluminium sulfate is added to the water to cause fine particles to clump up and settle at the bottom of the tank.

39
Q

How does chlorination work in water treatment?

A

Chlorine gas is bubbled through the water to kill of harmful bacteria and other microbes.

40
Q

What water source could be used in dry countries near the ocean? how would it be made drinkable?

A

Sea water, distillation would purify the water.

41
Q

What are the disadvantages of using distillation over other water treatment methods?

A

It is uses large amounts of energy and is very expensive.

42
Q

Why must water used in chemical analysis be pure?

A

It would contaminate the result otherwise.

HCHS GCSE Science 2 - Chemistry (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions