Section 2 - جملة خبرية (Informative Sentence) and Its Types

Question 1

What is the definition of جملة خبرية (informative sentence)?

Answer 1

That sentence whose speaker CAN be attributed with truth and falsity

Question 2

How many types of جملة خبرية (informative sentence) are there? Name each type and mention its example

Answer 2

There are 2 types: 1) جملة إسمية خبرية (nominal sentence) such as زيد عالم, and 2) جملة فعلية خبرية (verbal sentence) such as ضرب زيد

Question 3

What is the definition of جملة إسمية جبرية (nominal sentence)?

Answer 3

It is that جملة whose first part is a اسم (noun).

The first part is that to which something is ascribed (مسند إليه). The second part is that which is ascribed to something (مسند).

The syntacticians call the first part مبتدا (subject) and the second part خبر (predicate).

Question 4

What is the definition of جملة فعلية جبرية (verbal sentence)?

Answer 4

It is that جملة whose first part is a فعل (verb).

The first part is that which is ascribed to something (مسند). The second part is that to which something is ascribed (مسند إليه).

The syntacticians call the first part فعل (verb) and the second part فاعل (subject).

Question 5

What is مسند and مسند إليه?

Answer 5

The مسند is that حكم (judgement) which is ascribed to something.

The مسند إليه is that about which they make a حكم (judgement).

Question 6

In terms of اسم, and فعل, and حرف, which can be مسند and which can be مسند إليه?

Answer 6

A اسم can be BOTH مسند & مسند أليه

A فعل can ONLY be مسند

A حرف can neither be مسند or مسند إليه

Question 7

What is the definition of جملة إنشائية (non-informative sentence)?

Answer 7

That sentence whose speaker CANNOT be attributed with truth and falsity

Question 8

How many types of جملة إنشائية (non-informative sentence) are there? Name each type and mention its example

Answer 8

There are 10 types: 1) أمر (imperative) such as إضرب, and 2) نهي (prohibition) such as لا تضرب, and 3) إستفهام (interrogative) such as هل ضرب زيد؟, and 4) تمني (expressing a wish) such as ليت زيد حاضر, and 5) ترجي (expressing hope) such as لعل عمرا غائب, and 6) عقود (contracts) such as بعت وإشتريت, and 7) ندا (invocation) such as يا الله, and 8) عرض (gentle urging) such as ألا تنزل بنا فتصيب خيرا, and 9) قسم (oath) such as والله لأضربن زيدا, and 10) تعجب (surprise) such as ما أحسنه/أحسن به