Section 2 - Hydraulics Flashcards
Give a definition of a Hydraulic System
A system that uses a fluid (usually oil) to transmit power or force through pressurized fluid, often used to control and manipulate machinery and equipment
What is Pascals Law
The pressure of a confined hydraulic fluid acts equally in all directions. Therefore the confined fluid can generate a larger force at another point by utilizing the incompressibility of the fluid.
What are the equations for Pascals Law
Pressure = Force
———-
Area
Force = Pressure x Area
Force = Newtons
Area = m2
What is 1Bar in Newton meters
1 Bar = 100,000N/m2
What are the five main function of an Accumulator
Energy Storage: Accumulators store pressurized fluid, which can be released when there’s a sudden increase in demand for hydraulic energy, such as during peak load situations.
Pressure Stabilization: They help stabilize pressure within the hydraulic system by absorbing pressure fluctuations, preventing pressure spikes that could damage system components.
Emergency Power Source: In case of a power failure or pump malfunction, accumulators can provide temporary power to actuate critical components, ensuring safe shutdown procedures or emergency operations.
Dampening Pulsations: Accumulators can dampen vibrations and pulsations in the hydraulic system, resulting in smoother operation and reduced wear on components.
Volume Compensation: As hydraulic fluid heats up and expands or cools down and contracts, accumulators can compensate for volume changes, maintaining consistent pressure levels.
Name the different types of Accumulators
Bladder Accumulator
Piston Accumulator
Diaphragm Accumulator
Describe a Bladder Accumulator
Uses a flexible bladder (Neoprene bag) to separate hydraulic fluid and gas (Normally Nitrogen). As fluid is pumped in, the bladder compresses the gas, storing energy. When the fluid is released, the compressed gas expands, providing the hydraulic energy. A metal poppet valve stops the bladder being drawn into the system.
Describe a Piston Accumulator
Employs a piston to separate the hydraulic fluid and gas. As fluid enters the accumulator, it compresses the gas above the piston. The energy is stored in the compressed gas, and when fluid is discharged, the gas expands to provide the energy.
Describe a Diaphragm Accumulator
Similar to a bladder accumulator, but uses a diaphragm to separate the fluid and gas. As fluid enters the accumulator, it compresses the gas above the diaphragm. The energy is stored in the compressed gas, and when fluid is discharged, the diaphragm expands to provide the energy.
