Section 2 facts Flashcards
When did Britain declare war on Germany?
4 August 1914
When was the Defence of the Realm Act passed?
8 August 1914 - Gave the State increased control in people’s lives
When did the Conservatives withdraw support for Asquith?
1916 - Wanted Lloyd George to replace Asquith
When did Asquith official resign?
5th December 1916
When did Lloyd George form a new coalition government?
7th December 1916
Who was the first ever Labour MP to be given a place in the cabinet?
Arthur Henderson in 1916
When did Henderson resign from the cabinet?
August 1917
What did Henderson’s resignation allow him to do?
Reorganise the Labour party
After the war how many people were members of Trade Unions?
8 million
When did Labour adopt Clause IV?
February 1918
When was the Representation of the People Act passed?
1918 - Gave married women over 30 the vote and all men over 21
How many seats did the Conservatives win in the 1918 election?
344
How many seats did the Liberals win in the 1918 election?
62
When was the Education Act passed?
1914 - Raised leaving age to 14, increased subsidies for secondary schools
When was Addison’s Housing Act passed?
1919 - Obligated authorities to ensure people had decent housing
How many houses built under Addison’s Housing Act?
170,000
When was the Unemployment Act passed?
1920 - Extended to cover 12 million workers with unemployment insurance
When was the Agriculture Act passed?
1920 - Supported agriculture by maintaining war time guarantee on prices and a minimum wage for farm labourers
When did Addison leave the government?
March 1921 - When housing subsidies were ended
In 1921 how many working days were lost due to trade union activity?
86 million
When did Bonar Law resign?
May 1921 - Ill Health
When was the Honours Scandal?
1922 - Lloyd George accused of selling peerages to finance his own political party
When was the Chanak Affair?
1922 - Lloyd George ordered British forces to intervene without consulting the cabinet
When was the Carlton Club Meeting?
1922 - The Conservatives voted to fight the next election alone
When did Lloyd George resign?
19 October 1922 - Same day as Carlton Club meeting
How many seats did the Conservatives win in the 1922 election?
330
How many seats did the Liberals (Asquithian and Lloyd George) win in the 1922 election?
116
How many seats did Labour win in the 1922 election?
142
By 1918, how many factories did the Ministry of Munitions manage?
250
By 1918, how many workers did the Ministry of Munitions control?
Almost 4 million workers
How much was government spending in 1913?
£200 million
How much was government spending in 1918?
£2600 million
How much did food prices rise by the end of the war?
Doubled
When was the Housing and Town Planning Act passed?
1919 - Encourage local governments to clear slums and construct low-rent homes for the working class
How much was Addison paying for houses compared to their true building cost?
Addison was paying £910 when the true cost was only £385
What did the withdrawal of housing subsidies in 1922 mean?
Shortage of 800,000 houses
What did the committee under Geddes recommend on government spending cuts?
£86 million
What did the Geddes Axe reduce cuts to?
£64 million
When was the Treasury Agreement?
1914 - Trade Unions involved in vital war work agreed not to strike
When was the Munitions of War Act passed?
1915 - Banned strikes for munition workers
In 1917 how many strikes were there across Britain?
48
What did the Sankey commission recommend?
Nationalisation of the coal mines
How much did Britain’s capability to produce steel increase by during the war?
50%
How many tons of shipping did Britain build during the war?
2 million tons
How many tons of shipping were needed in Britain by 1918?
0.5 million tons
Did Britain have a favourable trade balance by 1921-22?
No
Which countries threatened coal production in Britain?
Germany and Poland
Which countries threatened the textiles industry in Britain?
The US and Japan
How many working men were taken out of the economy into the armed forces?
6 million
Around how many women entered the workforce?
1 million
How many women moved from peacetime work to wartime jobs?
250,000
By 1918 what proportion of the workforce was female?
1/3
By 1918 what percentage of the workforce in shell factories was female?
80%
Was the percentage of female workers in 1921 different from 1911?
There was little difference
When did the National Miners’ strike begin?
1 April 1921
What were the miners forced to accept after the strike failed?
Wages 20% lower than in 1914
How many people signed up to fight in 1914?
1 million
Altogether how many men volunteered to fight in WW1?
2.5 million
When was conscription introduced?
1916
How many were killed in WW1?
750,000
When did Redmond became the leader of the Irish Volunteers?
August 1914 - Renamed them to the National Volunteers
How many broke away from the National Volunteers over involvement in the war?
10,000 in 1916 - Took name of Irish Volunteers
When did a small group plan an uprising?
Easter 1916
How many armed rebels seized the General Post Office in Dublin on Easter 1916?
1000
How many people died as a result of the Easter Rising?
450
Why did the Easter Rising fail?
Only 1600 joined the rebels and the British were stronger although unprepared
By 1917 how many Sinn Fein members were there?
250,000
What did the 1918 election mark for Irish parties?
The end of the Irish Nationalists and the rise of Sinn Fein
What did the Sinn Fein set up after their election?
The Dail Eireann
What did the Government do in response to Sinn Fein?
Declared Sinn Fein to be illegal in August 1919 and the Dail in September
What did Lloyd George authorize the recruitment of in response to the IRA?
The Black and Tans
When did both sides of the war of independence agree to a truce?
11 July 1921
When was the war of independence?
1919-21
When was the Anglo-Irish Treaty?
1921 - Ireland became a self-governing dominion and Northern Ireland remained part of the UK
