Section 2: Chapters 2-4 Flashcards
(T/F) A natural sign cancels any sharps or flats and returns the note to its natural state.
True
The amount of steps between two notes is called ____
An interval
The driving force behind music that creates the beat…
Rhythm
The standard of measurement for note duration in most musical time is …
The beat
One of the most important components of rhythm is …
The time signature
Tempo Markings
Grave
Extremely slow - 40 or slower
Tempo Markings
Largo
Very Slow - 40-60
Tempo Markings
Adagio
Moderately Slow - 60-80
Tempo Markings
Andante
Moderately, Walking tempo - 80-100
Tempo Markings
Moderato
Moderately- 100-120
Tempo Markings
Allegro
Cheerful, Fast, Lively - 120-160
Tempo Markings
Presto
Very Fast - 160-200
Chromatic scale
12 pitches that exist within an octave
Major Scale Interval pattern
W-W-H-W-W-W-H
Natural Minor interval pattern
W-H-W-W-H-W-W
Harmonic Minor interval Pattern
W-H-W-W-H-W+H-H
Melodic Minor interval pattern
W-H-W-W-W-W-H
Whole Tone scale
Only 6 scale degrees; whole step apart
Major Pentatonic
1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Minor Pentatonic
1, b3, 4, 5, b7
Relative Minor
Same key signature
Same last name - Mortenson relatives
Parallel Minor
Same tonic
Parallel worlds: C major and c minor
Consonant Intervals
M and m 3rds
M and m 6ths
P5ths, P8ves
Middle C is known as which octave?
C4
Which “C clef” sits fully in the 5-line staff?
Alto clef
Which clef designates the 4th line from the bottom as middle C?
Tenor clef
Alto and Tenor clefs are considered what kind of clefs?
These clefs are reserved for which instruments?
Specialty clefs
Instruments with ranges that do not fit well within bass or treble clef.
Viola, tenor trombone, bassoon
What driving force in music leads the performer from one note to the next?
Rhythm
The time signature is placed where on the staff?
At the beginning of a composition, after the clef and key signature.
What do the top and bottom numbers of the time signature represent?
Top- # of beats in each measure
Bottom- note value that receives the beat
What are two good examples of a composite time signature?
- Paul Desmond’s “Take 5” performed by Dave Brubeck quartet (5/4)
- Pink Floyd’s “Money” (7/4)
What is the name for two staves joined together by a brace?
The grand staff
Chromatic signs are placed where?
To the left of the note
Jazz Minor Scale
Lowered 3rd; Same up and down
Fully Diminished Scale
Begins with a whole step and is commonly used with Diminished harmony: WHWHWHWH
Dominant Diminished Scale, or Combination Diminished
Begins with a half step and is used in dominant harmony: HWHWHWHW
When you increase or decrease a perfect interval by 1 half step
The interval becomes diminished or augmented
How can an interval be compounded or reduced?
Add or Subtract 7
An easy way to invert an interval is
Subtract the original number from 9. Then use the opposite quality.
M2 = m7 / P4 = P5 / dim 4 = aug 5
