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History- Modern Britain > Section 2: Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Section 2: Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Private Members’ Bills

A

Introduced to parliament by a member of House of Commons/ Lords who isn’t in the govt.

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2
Q

Educational Reform: COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS- Criticisms of Tripartite System (2)

A

Unfair: Anthony Crossland
Money: post war baby boom

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3
Q

Educational Reform: COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS- What did LEAs establish?

A

Responsible for schools in certain areas
Comprehensive schools (Circular 10/65) w. govt. funding

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4
Q

Educational Reform: COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOLS- success?

A

+1970: 1145 CS catering for 1/3 of all students
-Mergers caused disruption
-Middle class still unconvinced

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5
Q

Educational Reform: HIGHER EDUCATION- Robbins Committee

A

Britain was slipping behind other European countries regarding science and technology & universities.

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6
Q

Educational Reform: HIGHER EDUCATION- Labour Govt’s response to Robbins Report

A

Expanded higher education w. new unis & polytechnics built and tech/ science unis replacing arts unis

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7
Q

Educational Reform: HIGHER EDUCATION- Impact of Higher Education (3)

A

By 1968, 30 polytechnics & 56 unis
New courses e.g. town planning
Opened unis to families that had never been able to go

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8
Q

Educational Reform: OPEN UNIVERSITY- Wilson (2)

A

Wanted to be remembered for
Combined many enthusiasms

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9
Q

Educational Reform: OPEN UNIVERSITY- Minister who oversaw

A

Jennie Lee
Was her commitment to see it through

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10
Q

Educational Reform: OPEN UNIVERSITY- establishment? (2)

A

Milton Keynes in Sept 1969
1970, enough applications to open in Jan 1971

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11
Q

Educational Reform: OPEN UNIVERSITY- Success? (4)

A

Used innovative forms of distance learning
Reunited part time students w. totally different social profiles
Attracted mature, women, disadvantaged
By 1980, OU had 70,000 students & awarded more degrees than Oxford & Cambridge combined

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12
Q

Social Reforms: MURDER ACT 1965- Background (3)

A

Already been limited: 5 types of murder punishable by death (Homocide Act 1957)
Many anti-death penalty campaigns but many didn’t want it gone
Sidney Silverman backbench MP w. Jenkins allowing time to discuss it

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13
Q

Social Reforms: MURDER ACT 1965- Details (3)

A

Replaced death penalty w. mandatory sentence of imprisonment for life
Introduced as temporary when HofL tried to stop it (permanent in 1969)
Left 4 capital offences and was finally abolished in 1998

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14
Q

Social Reforms: MURDER ACT 1965- Impact (4)

A

Massive change to British legal system
Helped convict many dangerous and professional criminals
Didn’t significantly reduce number of murders/ violent crimes
No evidence it acted as deterrent/ no evidence it didn’t

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15
Q

Social Reforms: DIVORCE REFORM ACT 1969- Background (3)

A

1857 Matrimonial Causes Act- women had to prove adultery/ mainly for rich white men
1937- changed to allow grounds of insanity, drunkenness, desertion
Leo Abse tried to permit divorce after 7 years of separation provided basis for act

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16
Q

Social Reforms: DIVORCE REFORM ACT 1969- Details (2)

A

Added two grounds: lived apart for 2 years (one sided) or lived apart for 5 years (agreed)
White vs White: £800,000 originally then got £1.5 mill out of £4.5 mill

17
Q

Social Reforms: DIVORCE REFORM ACT 1969- Impact (4)

A

Within two years, number of divorces doubled
1980: Average length of marriage regressed to 1820s
Still favoured men as they were breadwinners
Allowed women and ordinary people to divorce easier

18
Q

Social Reforms: ABORTION ACT 1967- Background (4)

A

Illegal unless mother was at risk
Backstreet abortions 100,000 a year
Thalidomide crisis- abortions gave to those who took it
Brought in as PMB by Liberal David Steele MP

19
Q

Social Reforms: DIVORCE REFORM ACT 1969- Details (2)

A

Approval of two doctors because of medical or psychological need
Must be carried out in a govt. approved hospital/ clinic

20
Q

Social Reforms: DIVORCE REFORM ACT 1969- Impact (3)

A

Number of abortions rose though hard to know previous estimates
Didn’t lead to increase in promiscuity
35,000 to 141,000 between 1968-1975

21
Q

Social Reforms: SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1967- Background (5)

A

No previous legislation
Wolfenden Report 1957 suggested decriminalisation & backed by Daily Mirror, Times etc
People figuring it can’t be ‘solved’ by prison
Homosexual Law Reform Society- campaigned to get report implemented
Leo Abse, Jenkins & Lord Arran

22
Q

Social Reforms: SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT 1967- Details (3)

A

Age of consent: 21
2 consenting males
‘In private’ (up to interpretation)

23
Q

Social Reforms: SEXUAL OFFENCES ACT- Impact (3)

A

Relief for homosexual males
Not end for prosecution
‘In private’ meant as no one else in building but not widely known

History- Modern Britain (26 decks)

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