Section 2: Cells Flashcards
How would i get an organelle out of a sample to study
Cell fractionation : break up cells in a cold buffer isotonic solution
Homogenisation: Cells broken up in homogeniser to release organelles the resultant fluid is the homogenate and debris filtered out
Ultracentrifugation: spins the homogenate in centrifuge heaviest organelle forced to bottom to form pellet and supernatant at top spinner high speed until organelle u want
What’s the equation for magnification
Magnification = image size divided by actual size
Why do we place cells in cold buffer and isotonic solution
cold ( reduced enzyme activity )
buffer ( so ph doesnt change )
isotonic ( same water potential )
all avoid cell movement or change within the cells from sample
Compare TEM and SEM
TEM you can see into cell
SEM you can’t look into cell
Which electron microscope has a high resolution and magnification
TEM
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What is the function of the cell membrane?
To regulate the entry and exit of substances.
What is a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Lipid synthesis.
What is the primary function of lysosomes?
To digest waste materials and cellular debris.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a rigid layer that provides support and protection in plant cells.
cell wall.
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus?
To modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids.
Which type of cell division results in two identical daughter cells?
Mitosis.
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
To provide structural support and shape to the cell.
True or False: All cells contain DNA.
True.
Fill in the blank: The process by which cells convert glucose into energy is called ______.
cellular respiration.
What is osmosis?
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
True or False: The rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.
True.
Fill in the blank: ______ are specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct processes.
Organelles.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active transport requires energy, while passive transport does not.
Multiple Choice: Which structure is selectively permeable? A) Cell wall B) Cell membrane C) Cytoplasm
B) Cell membrane.
What is the primary purpose of mitosis?
To ensure equal distribution of genetic material to daughter cells.
True or False: Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells.
True.
Fill in the blank: The ______ is a network of protein filaments that helps the cell maintain its shape.
cytoskeleton.
What is the function of the nucleolus?
To produce ribosomal RNA (rRNA).