Section 1.7 Osmosis Flashcards
What are the membranes that only let some types of particles through called?
Partially permeable membranes
What is a dilute solution?
A solution with high concentration of the solvent (liquid) and low concentration of the solute (substance)
What is a concentrated solution?
A solution with high concentration of the solute (substance) and low concentration of the solvent (liquid)
What is osmosis?
A special type of diffusion, where water passes through a partially permeable membrane
What concentration should the cytoplasm inside our cells (animal cells) be in?
The same concentration of the solution outside the cell (isotonic)
Define the term ‘hypotonic’
When the concentration of the SOLUTES of the solution outside the cell is lower than the concentration inside the cell, the solution is HYPOTONIC TO THE CELL
Define the term ‘isotonic’
When the concentration of SOLUTES of the solution inside and outside are the same.
Define the term ‘hypertonic’
When the concentration of SOLUTES of the solution outside the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell, the solution is HYPERTONIC TO THE CELL
What can cause the cytoplasm to become too concentrated (hypertonic)?
When water is used up in chemical reactions
What can cause the cytoplasm to become too dilute (hypotonic)
When water is made in chemical reactions
What process helps cells stay isotonic?
Osmosis. If the cytoplasm is too dilute, water moves out of the cell by osmosis. If the cytoplasm is too concentrated, water moves into the cell by osmosis
What happens to an animal cell when the cytoplasm becomes too concentrated (the cell is in a highly hypertonic solution)?
The cell becomes shrivelled
What happens to an animal cell when the cytoplasm becomes too dilute (the cell is in a highly hypotonic solution)?
The cell will burst
What concentration should the cytoplasm of a plant cell be?
The concentration of the cytoplasm should be more dilute than the solution outside of the cell (the cell should be in a hypertonic solution)
What happens to a plant cell when the cytoplasm becomes too dilute (the cell is in a highly hypotonic solution)?
The cell is turgid, which is the way it should be (normal)
