Section 1.1 States of Matter Flashcards
What are the three states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas
What are the general properties of a solid?
Fixed shape; incompressible
What is the average distance between particles of a solid?
Particles are touching
What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?
Regular; pattern
What is the movement of particles of a solid?
Particles vibrate on the spot
What are the general properties of a liquid?
No fixed shape; can flow; difficult to compress
What is the average distance between particles of a liquid?
Most particles are touching
What is the arrangement of particles in a liquid?
Irregular; random
What is the movement of particles of a liquid?
Slip and slide over and around each other
What are the general properties of a gas?
No fixed shape; spread out to fill its container; easily compressed
What is the average distance between particles of a gas?
Large distance
What is the arrangement of particles in a gas?
Irregular; random
What is the movement of particles of a gas?
Can move very quickly in a random manner, between collisions
What is the name of the change from solid to liquid?
Is the energy increasing or decreasing?
Melting
Increasing
What is the name of the change from liquid to gas?
Is the energy increasing or decreasing?
Boiling
Increasing
What is the name of the change from gas to liquid?
Is the energy increasing or decreasing?
Condensation
Decreasing
What is the name of the change from liquid to solid?
Is the energy increasing or decreasing?
Freezing
Decreasing
What is the name of the change from solid directly to gas?
Is the energy increasing or decreasing?
Sublimation
Increasing very quickly
How does increasing temperature affect the particles?
When temperature is increased, so is the energy of the particles. This causes the particles move faster are further away from each other
Is the change of state reversible?
Yes, because they are only physical changes
Why does the temperature stay constant as the substance is changing state?
When reaching the temperature at which it changes state, the temperature remains constant until all the particles of the substance have the same amount of energy. For example, when a solid has reached its melting point, the temperature of the solid remains constant until all of it have become a liquid, only then will it move on to becoming a gas
