Section 1.1 Organization and Structure of the Body

Question 1

The smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

Any of several different types of membrane-enclosed specialized structures in the cell that perform specific functions for the cell

Answer 2

Organelles

Question 3

A group of many similar cells that work together to perform a specific function

Answer 3

Tissue

Question 4

An anatomically distinct structure of the body composed of two or more tissue types

Answer 4

Organ

Question 5

A group of organs that work together to perform major functions or meet physiological needs of the body

Answer 5

Organ System

Question 6

A living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life

Answer 6

Organism

Question 7

Type of tissue that serves primarily as a covering or lining of body parts, protecting the body; it also functions in absorption, transport, and secretion

Answer 7

Epithelial Tissue
or
Epithelium

Question 8

Type of tissue that serves to hold in place, connect, and integrate the body’s organs and systems

Answer 8

Connective Tissue

Question 9

Type of tissue that can contract and generate tension in response to stimulation; produces movement.

Answer 9

Muscle Tissue

Question 10

Type of tissue that can send and receive impulses through electrochemical signals.

Answer 10

Nervous Tissue

Impulse comes from the nervous system

Question 11

Sheets of cells that cover exterior surfaces of the body, line internal cavities and passageways, and form certain glands.

Answer 11

Epithelial Tissue

Question 12

Binds the cells and organs of the body together and functions in the protection, support, and integration of all parts of the body.

Answer 12

Connective Tissue

Question 13

What are the three major types of muscle tissue?

Answer 13

Skeletal (voluntary) muscle
Smooth muscle
and
Cardiac muscle

Question 14

Responds to stimulation and contracting to provide movement

Answer 14

Muscle Tissue

Question 15

Allows the propagation of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate between different regions of the body

Answer 15

Nervous Tissue

Question 16

What are the four types of tissue?

Answer 16

Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue

Question 17

An anatomically distinct structure of the body composed of two or more tissue types

Answer 17

Organ

Question 18

What are the 11 systems in the human body?

Answer 18

Digestive
Urinary
Lymphatic
Cardiovascular
Integumentary
Muscular
Endocrine
Respiratory
Skeletal
Reproductive
Nervous

Dulcimers = RN

Question 19

This system consists of the skin and the associated skin components, such as hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and nails

Answer 19

Integumentary System

Question 20

This system protects the body from the external environment, excretes metabolic waste, helps to make vitamin D, and detects pain, touch, dehydration, and changes in temperature.

Answer 20

Integumentary System

Question 21

This system consists of the bones and cartilage associated joints

Answer 21

Skeletal System

Question 22

This system protects the body, provides support and a framework for muscles to act upon, contains bone marrow for blood cells to develop in, and stores minerals such as calcium.

Answer 22

Skeletal System

Question 23

This system consists primarily of skeletal muscle, but there are also two other types of muscle: cardiac muscle found in the heart and smooth muscle found within the viscera, including the alimentary canal and the walls of blood vessels.

Answer 23

Muscular System

Question 24

This system enables the body to move by the action of opposing contraction and relaxation. It also maintains posture and plays a role in thermoregulation.

Answer 24

Muscular System

Question 25

This system includes the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and special sense organs (e.g., eyes, ears, and taste buds)

Answer 25

Nervous System

Question 26

What are the two sub-systems of the Nervous System?

Answer 26

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Question 27

This system detects changes in the internal and external environment, encoding them into electrical impulses, and transmitting them along the nerves.

Answer 27

Nervous System

Question 28

This system processes electrical impulses and making decisions, either consciously or unconsciously.

Answer 28

Nervous System

Question 29

This system activates muscles or glands to induce an appropriate response to the initial stimulus.

Answer 29

Nervous System

Question 30

This system alters the metabolism of target cells.

Answer 30

Endocrine System

Question 31

This system consists of the blood, heart, and blood vessels

Answer 31

Cardiovascular System

Question 32

This system pumps blood around the body through the blood vessels to deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove metabolic waste from cells.

Answer 32

Cardiovascular System

Question 33

This system regulates the water content of body fluids, the acid-base balance, and the temperature of the body.

Answer 33

Cardiovascular System

Question 34

This system is responsible for transporting various substances; it takes lipids from the gastrointestinal tract to the blood and transports excess proteins and fluids back to the bloodstream.

Answer 34

Lymphatic System

Question 35

This system is responsible for the development of lymphocytes, the cells responsible for fighting disease.

Answer 35

Lymphatic System

Question 36

This system consists of air passageways: the pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs.

Answer 36

Respiratory System

Question 37

This system is responsible for oxygen and carbon dioxide gas exchange with the blood and also involved in the regulation of acid-base balance and sound production.

Answer 37

Respiratory System

Question 38

This system consists of the the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, and small and large intestine, as well as the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

Answer 38

Digestive System

Question 39

This system is responsible for the breakdown of ingested food, both physically and chemically, so that nutrients can be absorbed.

Answer 39

Digestive System

Question 40

This system is involved in the absorption of water and removal of undigested food.

Answer 40

Digestive System

Question 41

This system helps to maintain the fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

Answer 41

Digestive System

Question 42

This system consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

Answer 42

Urinary System

Question 43

This system filters blood to extract metabolic waste and maintain the acid-base and mineral balance.

Answer 43

Urinary System

Question 44

This system helps to regulate the production of red blood cells.

Answer 44

Urinary System

Question 45

This system contains the gonads (ovaries), uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, labia, and mammary glands.

Answer 45

Female/AFAB Reproductive System

Question 46

This system contains the gonads (testes), epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, various accessory glands, urethra, penis, and scrotum.

Answer 46

Male/AMAB Reproductive System

Question 47

A living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiologic functions necessary for life.

Answer 47

Organism