Section 102 Marine Corps History Flashcards
USMC was created on what date
10 Nov 1775
What year did the USMC come under the DON
1834
What year was the national security act created and amended
1947/ 1952
What year did the marines invade new providence
1776
What nickname did the marines receive during the revolutionary war in 1776
Leatherneck
Who did the marines attack at burma on the shores of Tripoli
Barbary pirates (1805)
What year did the marines occupy the halls of montezuma
1847
Who was in command at Harpers ferry
Colonel Robert E. lee (1859)
When did the USMC adopt the EGA
1868
Who modified the British royal marine emblem
BGen Jacob zeilin, 7th commandant
What was adopted in 1883
The official motto of the USMC “semper Fidelis” Latin for always faithful
What year was the boxer rebellion
1900
What did the marines protect during the boxer rebellion
The legation quarter against attack
What year did the USMC establish its aviation unit
1913
Who was the USMC first pilot
Major Alfred A. Cunningham
what year were 5th and 6th marines awarded the French fourragere
1917
what year was the USMC reorganized into FMF
1933
what did the FMF formerly establish
Command and administrative relations
what was established at Quantico, VA
The marine corps equipment board
where did the marines land in 1965
Vietnam and Dominican republic
what did the marines participate in during the Vietnam
pacification program designed to support the local populace
who did the marines evacuate from the Dominican republic
U.S. Citizens
what year did the marines deploy to Lebanon
1982
why did the marines go to Lebanon
restore peace
what date was the suicide bombing in Lebanon
23 Oct 1983
how may casualties resulted from the Lebanon bombing
241 KIA, 70 wounded
what was the withdraw date from Lebanon
July 1984
what year was operation desert storm
1991
why was desert storm launched
Iraqi government refused to comply with the united nations resolutions
what is the official name for the war in Afghanistan
OEF ( operation enduring freedom)
how and on what date did OEF begin
7 Oct 2001 a mix of strikes from U.S. and British air and submarines
what dates make up the invasion of Iraq
March 20- May 1, 2003
who were the U.S. allies during the invasion of Iraq
Australia, Poland, and the kingdom
when was the first battle of Fallujah
April 2004
what was the operation name of the first battle of Fallujah
Operation Vigilant ressolve
what date was the second battle of Fallujah
Nov/Dec 2004
what operation made up the second battle of Fallujah
Al-Fajr (Arabic for “the dawn”), Phantom Fury
the battle of belleu wood occurred during which war
WWI
what did the French rename Belleu Wood
The wood of the Brigade of Marines
German referred to the marines as what
Teufelhunden
German intel evaluated the marines as what
Storm Troopers
what date was the battle of Guadalcanal
7 Aug 1942
where was the first US Land offensive of WWII
Guadalcanal in the Solomon islands
what was the first two “firsts” in the battle of Guadalcanal
1st US land offensive of WWII, 1st combat test of new amphibious doctrine
why was the battle of Guadalcanal a turning point of the war in the pacific
provided a base to launch further invasions
amphibious landings took place on what 3 Islands after Guadalcanal
New Georgia, Choiseul (Feint), Bougainville
Japanese commander claimed “ a million Americans 100 years to conquer” what islands
Tarawa Atoll, Betio Island
what date did the marines land on Tarawa
20 Nov 1943
how long did it take to secure the Tarawa Atoll
76 Hours
why was the battle of Tarawa so deadly
Extended reef forced marines to offload hundred of yards from the beaches. Subjected to gunfire and drowning
what islands make up the Mariana’s
Saipan, Guam, Tinian
what year were the Mariana Islands invaded
Summer 1943
why were the Mariana’s invaded
due to the need for airfields by the Air Force and Navy bases
who landed the invasion at Tinian
LTGen Holland M. Smith (Howlin’ Mad)
LTGen Smith’s invasion force totaled how many marines and soldiers
136,000
when was the battle of Iwo Jima
19 Feb 1945
how many casualties did the USMC suffer during Iwo Jima
23,300
what did admiral Chester W. Nimitz say regarding Iwo Jima
Among the Americans who served on Iwo island, uncommon valor was a common virtue
the battle of Chosin Reservoir took place during what year
Nov 1950
who cut off the marines during the battle of Chosin Reservoir
Chinese Communist forces
how many divisions did the marines destroy during the battle of Chosin Reservoir
7/10
what was the major significance of the retrograde movement during Chosin
brought out all operable equip, properly evacuated wounded and dead, maintained tactical integrity
what date was the battle of Hue City
Jan 1968
what two cities were occupied during the holiday of TET
Hue and Citadel
Hue city was the first times marines fought in built up areas since what war
Korean
how was progress measured during the battle of Hue city
yards
what date was Hue secured
25 Feb 1968
what year did brevet brigadier general Archibald Henderson become commandant
1820
how long did Gen Henderson hold his command
39
what year did Gen Henderson die
1859
Gen Henderson led the marines through what events
Indian wars, war with Mexico, opening of china, disorders in central America
What was Archibald Henderson’s nickname
Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps
what 3 higher standards did Gen Henderson introduce
appearance, training, discipline
Gen Henderson believed that marines were capable of more than what duties
Sea and Guard
Sgt. Major Quick is remembered for what performance
Cuzco Well ( Guantanamo Bay, Cuba)- Helped seize an advanced base for the Atlantic Fleet battalion of marines
why was SgtMaj Quick awarded the medal of honor
semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under the Spanish and American shellfire
what year did the capture and defense of advanced bases become a primary mission of the USMC
1898
what is Gunny Dan Daly remembered for saying during the battle of belleau wood
“come on, you sons of bitches, do you want to live forever?”
where did SgtMaj Daly earn two medals of honor
Chinese Boxer Rebellion, First Caco War in Haiti
LtGen Louis B. Puller earned what two nicknames
Tiger of the mountains (1930), Chesty
how many marines were with chesty puller from Nicaragua to the Honduran border
32
who is recognized for prowess in aerial dogfights
Major Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington
Major Boyington was in the command of what
VMH-214, the ‘black sheep’
how many kills did major Boyinton have
28 by 1945
who was in command of Ira Hayes
MajGen Harry Schmidt
Ira H. Hayes was a member of what amphibious corps of marines
5th
what kind of Indian was Ira Hayes
Pima
how was corporal hayes immortalized
second flag raising on 23 Feb 1945
who was the USMCs 1st enlisted women
Opha Mae Johnson
what date did private Johnson enlist
13 Aug 1918
what was the official title of female enlisted marines
Marine Reserve (F)
what were the 2 common titles for female enlisted marines
Skirt marines, marinettes
who served as the director of women Marines
Colonel Margaret A. Brewer
what period did Colonel Margaret A. Brewer serve as the director of WM
1973-1977
when did BGEN Margaret A. Brewer become the corps’ first general officer
11 May 1978
what was john H. Bradley’s rate/rank
Pharmacist’s mate Second class
Joe Rosenthal’s photo was used on posters to fund what
7th war loan bond drive
what flag raising did john Bradley participate in
second
how did john Bradley earn the Navy Cross
Rushed through mortar and machine gun fire to shield a marine with his own body, administer plasma, bandage, wounds and drag the casualty 30 yds to safety
who did Robert R. Ingram serve with
Company C, First Battalion, Seventh marines
Robert Ingram was a MOH recipient for actions on what date
28 March 1966 Vietnam
how many bullet wounds did Robert Ingram sustain
4
at what distance should a salute be rendered
at least 6 paces but no more than 30
