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FMF STUDY GUIDE > Section 102 Marine Corps History > Flashcards

Section 102 Marine Corps History Flashcards

1
Q

USMC was created on what date

A

10 Nov 1775

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2
Q

What year did the USMC come under the DON

A

1834

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3
Q

What year was the national security act created and amended

A

1947/ 1952

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4
Q

What year did the marines invade new providence

A

1776

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5
Q

What nickname did the marines receive during the revolutionary war in 1776

A

Leatherneck

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6
Q

Who did the marines attack at burma on the shores of Tripoli

A

Barbary pirates (1805)

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7
Q

What year did the marines occupy the halls of montezuma

A

1847

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8
Q

Who was in command at Harpers ferry

A

Colonel Robert E. lee (1859)

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9
Q

When did the USMC adopt the EGA

A

1868

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10
Q

Who modified the British royal marine emblem

A

BGen Jacob zeilin, 7th commandant

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11
Q

What was adopted in 1883

A

The official motto of the USMC “semper Fidelis” Latin for always faithful

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12
Q

What year was the boxer rebellion

A

1900

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13
Q

What did the marines protect during the boxer rebellion

A

The legation quarter against attack

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14
Q

What year did the USMC establish its aviation unit

A

1913

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15
Q

Who was the USMC first pilot

A

Major Alfred A. Cunningham

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16
Q

what year were 5th and 6th marines awarded the French fourragere

A

1917

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17
Q

what year was the USMC reorganized into FMF

A

1933

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18
Q

what did the FMF formerly establish

A

Command and administrative relations

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19
Q

what was established at Quantico, VA

A

The marine corps equipment board

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20
Q

where did the marines land in 1965

A

Vietnam and Dominican republic

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21
Q

what did the marines participate in during the Vietnam

A

pacification program designed to support the local populace

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22
Q

who did the marines evacuate from the Dominican republic

A

U.S. Citizens

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23
Q

what year did the marines deploy to Lebanon

A

1982

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24
Q

why did the marines go to Lebanon

A

restore peace

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25
Q

what date was the suicide bombing in Lebanon

A

23 Oct 1983

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26
Q

how may casualties resulted from the Lebanon bombing

A

241 KIA, 70 wounded

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27
Q

what was the withdraw date from Lebanon

A

July 1984

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28
Q

what year was operation desert storm

A

1991

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29
Q

why was desert storm launched

A

Iraqi government refused to comply with the united nations resolutions

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30
Q

what is the official name for the war in Afghanistan

A

OEF ( operation enduring freedom)

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31
Q

how and on what date did OEF begin

A

7 Oct 2001 a mix of strikes from U.S. and British air and submarines

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32
Q

what dates make up the invasion of Iraq

A

March 20- May 1, 2003

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33
Q

who were the U.S. allies during the invasion of Iraq

A

Australia, Poland, and the kingdom

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34
Q

when was the first battle of Fallujah

A

April 2004

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35
Q

what was the operation name of the first battle of Fallujah

A

Operation Vigilant ressolve

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36
Q

what date was the second battle of Fallujah

A

Nov/Dec 2004

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37
Q

what operation made up the second battle of Fallujah

A

Al-Fajr (Arabic for “the dawn”), Phantom Fury

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38
Q

the battle of belleu wood occurred during which war

A

WWI

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39
Q

what did the French rename Belleu Wood

A

The wood of the Brigade of Marines

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40
Q

German referred to the marines as what

A

Teufelhunden

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41
Q

German intel evaluated the marines as what

A

Storm Troopers

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42
Q

what date was the battle of Guadalcanal

A

7 Aug 1942

43
Q

where was the first US Land offensive of WWII

A

Guadalcanal in the Solomon islands

44
Q

what was the first two “firsts” in the battle of Guadalcanal

A

1st US land offensive of WWII, 1st combat test of new amphibious doctrine

45
Q

why was the battle of Guadalcanal a turning point of the war in the pacific

A

provided a base to launch further invasions

46
Q

amphibious landings took place on what 3 Islands after Guadalcanal

A

New Georgia, Choiseul (Feint), Bougainville

47
Q

Japanese commander claimed “ a million Americans 100 years to conquer” what islands

A

Tarawa Atoll, Betio Island

48
Q

what date did the marines land on Tarawa

A

20 Nov 1943

49
Q

how long did it take to secure the Tarawa Atoll

A

76 Hours

50
Q

why was the battle of Tarawa so deadly

A

Extended reef forced marines to offload hundred of yards from the beaches. Subjected to gunfire and drowning

51
Q

what islands make up the Mariana’s

A

Saipan, Guam, Tinian

52
Q

what year were the Mariana Islands invaded

A

Summer 1943

53
Q

why were the Mariana’s invaded

A

due to the need for airfields by the Air Force and Navy bases

54
Q

who landed the invasion at Tinian

A

LTGen Holland M. Smith (Howlin’ Mad)

55
Q

LTGen Smith’s invasion force totaled how many marines and soldiers

A

136,000

56
Q

when was the battle of Iwo Jima

A

19 Feb 1945

57
Q

how many casualties did the USMC suffer during Iwo Jima

A

23,300

58
Q

what did admiral Chester W. Nimitz say regarding Iwo Jima

A

Among the Americans who served on Iwo island, uncommon valor was a common virtue

59
Q

the battle of Chosin Reservoir took place during what year

A

Nov 1950

60
Q

who cut off the marines during the battle of Chosin Reservoir

A

Chinese Communist forces

61
Q

how many divisions did the marines destroy during the battle of Chosin Reservoir

A

7/10

62
Q

what was the major significance of the retrograde movement during Chosin

A

brought out all operable equip, properly evacuated wounded and dead, maintained tactical integrity

63
Q

what date was the battle of Hue City

A

Jan 1968

64
Q

what two cities were occupied during the holiday of TET

A

Hue and Citadel

65
Q

Hue city was the first times marines fought in built up areas since what war

A

Korean

66
Q

how was progress measured during the battle of Hue city

A

yards

67
Q

what date was Hue secured

A

25 Feb 1968

68
Q

what year did brevet brigadier general Archibald Henderson become commandant

A

1820

69
Q

how long did Gen Henderson hold his command

A

39

70
Q

what year did Gen Henderson die

A

1859

71
Q

Gen Henderson led the marines through what events

A

Indian wars, war with Mexico, opening of china, disorders in central America

72
Q

What was Archibald Henderson’s nickname

A

Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps

73
Q

what 3 higher standards did Gen Henderson introduce

A

appearance, training, discipline

74
Q

Gen Henderson believed that marines were capable of more than what duties

A

Sea and Guard

75
Q

Sgt. Major Quick is remembered for what performance

A

Cuzco Well ( Guantanamo Bay, Cuba)- Helped seize an advanced base for the Atlantic Fleet battalion of marines

76
Q

why was SgtMaj Quick awarded the medal of honor

A

semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under the Spanish and American shellfire

77
Q

what year did the capture and defense of advanced bases become a primary mission of the USMC

A

1898

78
Q

what is Gunny Dan Daly remembered for saying during the battle of belleau wood

A

“come on, you sons of bitches, do you want to live forever?”

79
Q

where did SgtMaj Daly earn two medals of honor

A

Chinese Boxer Rebellion, First Caco War in Haiti

80
Q

LtGen Louis B. Puller earned what two nicknames

A

Tiger of the mountains (1930), Chesty

81
Q

how many marines were with chesty puller from Nicaragua to the Honduran border

A

32

82
Q

who is recognized for prowess in aerial dogfights

A

Major Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington

83
Q

Major Boyington was in the command of what

A

VMH-214, the ‘black sheep’

84
Q

how many kills did major Boyinton have

A

28 by 1945

85
Q

who was in command of Ira Hayes

A

MajGen Harry Schmidt

86
Q

Ira H. Hayes was a member of what amphibious corps of marines

A

5th

87
Q

what kind of Indian was Ira Hayes

A

Pima

88
Q

how was corporal hayes immortalized

A

second flag raising on 23 Feb 1945

89
Q

who was the USMCs 1st enlisted women

A

Opha Mae Johnson

90
Q

what date did private Johnson enlist

A

13 Aug 1918

91
Q

what was the official title of female enlisted marines

A

Marine Reserve (F)

92
Q

what were the 2 common titles for female enlisted marines

A

Skirt marines, marinettes

93
Q

who served as the director of women Marines

A

Colonel Margaret A. Brewer

94
Q

what period did Colonel Margaret A. Brewer serve as the director of WM

A

1973-1977

95
Q

when did BGEN Margaret A. Brewer become the corps’ first general officer

A

11 May 1978

96
Q

what was john H. Bradley’s rate/rank

A

Pharmacist’s mate Second class

97
Q

Joe Rosenthal’s photo was used on posters to fund what

A

7th war loan bond drive

98
Q

what flag raising did john Bradley participate in

A

second

99
Q

how did john Bradley earn the Navy Cross

A

Rushed through mortar and machine gun fire to shield a marine with his own body, administer plasma, bandage, wounds and drag the casualty 30 yds to safety

100
Q

who did Robert R. Ingram serve with

A

Company C, First Battalion, Seventh marines

101
Q

Robert Ingram was a MOH recipient for actions on what date

A

28 March 1966 Vietnam

102
Q

how many bullet wounds did Robert Ingram sustain

A

4

103
Q

at what distance should a salute be rendered

A

at least 6 paces but no more than 30

FMF STUDY GUIDE (15 decks)

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