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FMF > Section 102 Marine Corps History > Flashcards

Section 102 Marine Corps History Flashcards

1
Q

Whe was the USMC created?

A

November 10th 1775.

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2
Q

What year did the USMC come under the DON?

A

1834

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3
Q

What year was the national security act created and amended?

A

Created in 1947, Amended in 1952.

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4
Q

What year did the marines invade New Providence?

A

1776

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5
Q

What nickname did the marines receive during the revolutionary war in 1776?

A

Leathernecks.

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6
Q

Who did the marines attack at Burma on the shores of Tripoli?

A

Barbary pirates in 1805.

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7
Q

What year did the marines occupy the halls of Montezuma?

A

1847

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8
Q

Who was in command at Harpers Ferry?

A

Colonel Robert E. Lee in 1959.

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9
Q

When did the USMC adopt the EGA.

A

1868

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10
Q

Who modified the British Royal Marine emblem?

A

Brigadier General Jacob Zeilin, 7th commandant. .

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11
Q

What was adopted in 1883?

A

The official motto of the USMC Semper Fidelis meaning always faithful.

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12
Q

What year was the Boxer rebellion?

A

1900

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13
Q

What did the marines protect during the boxer rebellion?

A

The Legation Quarter against attack.

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14
Q

What year did the USMC establish its aviation unit?

A

1913

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15
Q

Who was the USMC first pilot?

A

Major Alfred A. Cunningham

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16
Q

What year were the 5th and 6th marines awarded the french forragere?

A

1917

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17
Q

What year was the USMC reorganized into FMF?

A

1933

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18
Q

What did the FMF formerly establish?

A

Command and administrative relations.

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19
Q

What was established at Quantico, VA?

A

The marine corps equipment board.

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20
Q

Where did the marines land in 1965?

A

Vietnam and Dominican Republic.

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21
Q

What did the marines participate in during the Vietnam war?

A

Pacification program designed to support the local populace.

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22
Q

Who did the marines evacuate from the Dominican Republic?

A

U.S. Citizens

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23
Q

What year did marines deploy to Lebanon?

A

1982

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24
Q

Why did marines go to Lebanon

A

To restore peace.

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25
Q

What was the date of the suicide bombing in Lebanon?

A

October 23 1983

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26
Q

How many casualties resulted from the Lebanon bombing?

A

241 KIA, 70 WIA

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27
Q

What was the withdraw date from Lebanon?

A

July 1984

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28
Q

What year was Operation Desert Storm?

A

1991

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29
Q

Why was Desert storm launched?

A

Iraqi government refused to comply with the united nations resolutions.

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30
Q

What is the official name for the war in Afghanistan?

A

OEF

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31
Q

How and on what date did OEF begin?

A

A mix of strikes from US and British air and submarines. It All began October 7th 2001

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32
Q

What dates make up the invasion of Iraq?

A

March 20th to May 1st, 2003

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33
Q

Who were the US allies during the invasion of Iraq?

A

Australia, Poland and the kingdom

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34
Q

When was the first battle of Fallujah?

A

April 2004

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35
Q

What was the operation name of the first battle of Fallujah?

A

Operation Vigilant Resolve

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36
Q

What date was teh second battle of Fallujah?

A

November and December 2004

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37
Q

What operations made up the second battle of Fallujah?

A

Al-Fajr (Arabic for The Dawn), Phantom Fury.

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38
Q

The Battle of Belleu Wood occurred during which war?

A

WW1

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39
Q

What did the french rename Belleu Wood?

A

The wood of the brigade of marines.

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40
Q

German intelegence evaluated the marines as what?

A

Storm Troopers

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41
Q

Germans referred to marines as what?

A

Teufelhunden or Devil Dogs.

42
Q

What date was the battle of Guadalcanal?

A

August 7th 1942

43
Q

Where was the first US land offensive of WW2?

A

Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.

44
Q

What was the first two “firsts” in the battle of Guadalcanal?

A

1st US land offensive of WW2.

1st combat test of the new amphibious doctrine.

45
Q

Why was the battle of Guadalcanal a turning point of the war in the pacific?

A

Provided a base to launch further invasions.

46
Q

Amphibious landings took place on what 3 islands after Guadalcanal?

A

New Georgia, Choiseul (feint), Bougainville

47
Q

A Japanese commander claimed, “it will take a million Americans 100 years to conquer” what islands?

A

Tarawa Atoll, Beito Island.

48
Q

What date did the marines land on Tarawa?

A

November 20th 1943

49
Q

How long did it take to secure Tarawa atoll?

A

76 hours

50
Q

Why was the battle of Tarawa so deadly?

A

Extended reef forced marines to offload hundreds of yards from the beaches which subjected them to gunfire and drowning.

51
Q

What islands make up the Mariana’s?

A

Saipan, Guam, Tinian

52
Q

What year were the Mariana islands invaded?

A

Summer 1943

53
Q

Why were the Marianas invaded?

A

To provide needed Air force and Navy bases

54
Q

Who landed the invasion at Tinian?

A

LT General Holland M. Smith

55
Q

LT General Smith’s invasion force totaled how many marines and soldiers?

A

136,000

56
Q

When was the battle of Iwo Jima?

A

February 19th 1945

57
Q

How many casualties did the USMC suffer during Iwo Jima?

A

23,300

58
Q

What did admiral Chester W. Nimitz say regarding Iwo Jima?

A

Among the Americans who served on Iwo island, uncommon valor was a common virtue.

59
Q

The battle of Chosin Reservoir took place during what year?

A

November 1950

60
Q

Who cut off the marines during the battle of Chosin Reservoir?

A

Chinese communist forces.

61
Q

How many divisions did the marines destroy during the battle of Chosin Reservoir?

A

7 out of the 10

62
Q

What was the Major significance of the retrograde movement during Chosin?

A

The marines brought out all operable equipment, properly evacuated wounded and dead, maintained tactical integrity.

63
Q

What date was the battle of Hue city?

A

January 1968

64
Q

What two cities were occupied during the holiday of TET?

A

Hue and Citadel

65
Q

Hue city was the first time marines fought in built up areas since what war?

A

Korean

66
Q

How was the progress measured during the battle of Hue city?

A

Yards

67
Q

What date was Hue city secured?

A

February 25th 1968

68
Q

What year did Brevet Brigidiar General Archibald Henderson become commandant?

A

1820

69
Q

How long did General Henderson hold his command?

A

39 years

70
Q

What year did General Henderson die?

A

1859

71
Q

General Henderson led marines through what events?

A

Indian wars, War with Mexico, opening of China, Disorders in Central America.

72
Q

What was Archibald Henderson nickname?

A

Grand Old Man of the marine corps.

73
Q

What 3 higher standards did General Henderson introduce?

A

Appearance, Training, and Discipline.

74
Q

General Henderson believed that marines were capable of more than what duties?

A

Sea and guard.

75
Q

Sgt Major Quick is remembered for what performance?

A

Cuzco Well (Guantanamo Bay, Cuba), Helped seize an advanced base for the Atlantic fleet battalion of marines.

76
Q

Why was Sgt Major Quick awarded the Medal of Honor?

A

Semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish and american shellfire.

77
Q

What year did the capture and defense of advanced bases become the primary mission of the USMC?

A

1898

78
Q

What is Gunny Dan Daly remembered for saying during the battle of Belleau wood?

A

“Come on, you sons of bitches, do you want to live forever?”

79
Q

Where did Sgt Major Daly earn two Medals of Honor?

A

Chinese Boxer Rebellion, First Caco war in Haiti.

80
Q

How many marines were with Chesty Puller from Nicaragua to the Honduran border?

A

32

81
Q

Who is recognized for prowess in aerial dogfights?

A

Major Gregory R. “Pappy” Boyington

82
Q

Major Boyington was in command of what?

A

VMH-214, the “Black sheep”

83
Q

How many kills did Major Boyington have?

A

28 by 1945

84
Q

Who was in command of Ira Hayes?

A

Major General Harry Schmidt

85
Q

Ira H. Hayes was a member of what amphibious Corps of marines?

A

5th

86
Q

What kind of Indian was Ira Hayes?

A

Pima

87
Q

How was Corporal Hays immortalized?

A

The second flag raising on February 23rd 1945 on Iwo Jima.

88
Q

Who was the USMC’s 1st enlisted woman?

A

Opha Mae Johnson

89
Q

What date did Private Johnson enlist?

A

August 13th 1918

90
Q

What was the official title of female enlisted marines?

A

Marine reserve (F)

91
Q

What were the two common titles for female enlisted marines?

A

Skirt marines, Marinettes

92
Q

Who served as Director of woman Marines?

A

Colonel Margaret A. Brewer

93
Q

What period did Colonel Brewer serve as director of Woman marines?

A

1973-1977

94
Q

When did Brigadier General Margaret A. Brewer become the Corps’ first general officer?

A

May 11th 1978

95
Q

What was John H. Bradley’s rate/rank?

A

Pharmacist’s Mate Second Class

96
Q

Joe Rosenthal’s photo was used on posters to fund what?

A

7th War Loan bond drive

97
Q

What flag raising did John Bradley participate in?

A

The second one.

98
Q

How did John Bradley earn the Navy Cross?

A

Rushed through mortar and machine gun fire to shield a marine with his own body, administer plasma, bandage wounds and drag the casualty 30yds to safety.

99
Q

Who did Robert R. Ingram serve with?

A

Company C, First battalion, Seventh marines.

100
Q

Robert Ingram was a Medal of Honor recipient for actions on what date?

A

March 28th 1966 in Vietnam

101
Q

How many bullet wounds did Robert Ingram sustain?

A

4

102
Q

At what distance should a salute be rendered?

A

At least 6 paces, but no more than 30.

FMF (23 decks)

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