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Anatomy > Section 1: Upper Extremities > Flashcards

Section 1: Upper Extremities Flashcards

1
Q

Skip

A

Cards 94-103

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2
Q

Muscles that control the GH joint

A
  1. Deltoid
  2. Pectoralis Major
  3. Biceps brachii
  4. Latissimus dorsi
  5. Teres Major
  6. Triceps brachii
  7. Rotator Cuff Muscles
    a. Supraspinatus
    b. Infraspinatus
    c. teres minor
    d. subscapularis
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3
Q

Deltoid

A

Or: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Ins: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Inv: Axillary Nerve

BS: thoracoacromial artery, posterior humeral circumflex artery

Action: Clavicular (anterior) part: Flexes and medially rotates arm
Acromial (middle) part: Abducts arm
Spinal (posterior) part: extends and laterally rotates arm

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4
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Or: Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
Sternocostal head: anterior sufrace of sternum, superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

Ins: Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Inv: Lateral and medial pectoral nerve (C5, C6), sternocostal head (C7, C8*, T1)

BS: Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk

Action: Adducts and medially rotates humerus; draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly.
Acting alone, clavicular head flexes humerus and sternocostal head extends it from the flexed position

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5
Q

Short head of the Biceps brachii

A

Or: tip of coracoid process of scapula

Ins: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

Inv: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6*, C7)

BS: Brachial artery

Action: Supinates forearm and when it is supine, flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Or: Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs

Ins: floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Inv: thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8)

BS: thoracodorsal artery

Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing

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7
Q

Teres Major

A

Or: Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

Ins: Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Inv: Lower subscapular nerve (C5, C6*)

BS: Subscapular artery and circumflex scapular artery

Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm

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8
Q

Triceps brachii Long head

A

Or: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Ins: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and facia of forearm

Inv: Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

BS: Deep brachial artery

Action: Chief extensor of forearm; Long head resists dislocation of humerus especially important during adduction

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9
Q

Supraspinatus

A

Or: Supraspinous fossa of scapula

Ins: Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Inv: Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5*, C6)

BS: Suprascapular artery

Action: Initiates and assists deltoid in abduction of arm and acts with rotator cuff muscles

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10
Q

Infraspinatus

A

Or: Infraspinous fossa of scapula

Ins: Middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Inv: Suprascapular nerve (C5*, C6)

BS: Suprascapular Artery and circumflex artery

Action: Laterally rotates arm; and acts with Rotator cuff muscles

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11
Q

Teres Minor

A

Or: Middle part of lateral border of scapula

Ins: Inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

Inv: Axillary nerve (C5*, C6)

BS: Posterior humeral circumflex artery and circumflex scapular artery

Action: Adducts and medially rotates arm

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12
Q

Subscapularis

A

Or: Subscapular fossa (most of anterior surface of scapula)

Ins: Lesser tubercle of humerus

Inv: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6*, C7)

BS: Subscapular artery

Action: Medially rotates arm, as part of the rotator cuff muscles, helps hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity

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13
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Or: 3rd-5th rib near their costal cartilages

Ins: Medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula

Inv: Medial pectoral nerve (C8, T1)

Action: Stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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14
Q

Long head of the biceps brachii

A

Or: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Ins: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

Inv: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6*, C7)

BS: Brachial artery

Action: Supinates forearm and when it is supine, flexes forearm; short head resists dislocation of shoulder

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15
Q

Triceps brachii Lateral Head

A

Or: Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove

Ins: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and facia of forearm

Inv: Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

BS: Deep brachial artery

Action: Chief extensor of forearm; Long head resists dislocation of humerus especially important during adduction

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16
Q

Triceps Brachii medial head

A

Or: Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

Ins: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and facia of forearm

Inv: Radial nerve (C6, C7, C8)

BS: Deep brachial artery

Action: Chief extensor of forearm; Long head resists dislocation of humerus especially important during adduction

17
Q

Humeroscapular movement

A

Involves simultaneous movement at both the GH and scapulothoracic (SH) joints. For every 15d. of HS movement, 10d. occurs at the GH joint and 5d. at the SH joint

18
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Or: upper ribs 8 and 9

Ins: costal aspect of medial margin of scapula

Inv: Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)

BS: Lateral thoracic artery (upper) and thoracodorsal artery (lower)

19
Q

Bones of the shoulder girdle

A
  1. Clavicle
  2. Scapula
  3. Proximal humerus
20
Q

Ligaments of the shoulder

A
  1. Coracoclavicular ligament: strong; suspends scapula and upper limb to clavicle, provides principle integrity and stability to AC joint may be torn in shoulder separation
  2. Acromioclavicular ligament: weak, reinforces AC joint capsule
  3. Coracoacromial ligament: (coracoacromial arch complex) resists upward displacement of humerus from glenoid cavity. chronic, repetitive upward displacement of humerus may lead to impingement injury of rotator cuff and shoulder pain
21
Q

Joints of upper Limb

A
  1. Sternoclavicular joint
  2. acromioclavicular joint
  3. glenohumeral (shoulder) joint
  4. Scapulothoracic joint
22
Q

Flexion of shoulder joint

A
  1. Anterior deltoid
  2. P. major (clav. head)
  3. Biceps brachii
  4. coracobrachialis
23
Q

Extension of shoulder joint

A
  1. Posterior deltoid
  2. Lat. dorsi
  3. teres major
  4. triceps brachii
  5. P. major (SC head)
24
Q

Medial Rotation of shoulder joint

A
  1. P. major
  2. Lat. dorsi
  3. Teres Major
  4. Subscapularis
25
Q

Lateral Rotation of Shoulder Joint

A
  1. Infraspinatus

2. teres minor

26
Q

Abduction of shoulder joint

A
  1. Supraspinatus (1st 15 d.)

2. Deltoid (central part) to 90d.

27
Q

Adduction of shoulder

A
  1. P. Major
  2. Lat. Dorsi
  3. Teres Major
28
Q

Circumduction of shoulder

A

Combination of muscles

Anatomy (7 decks)

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